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An MRI artifact is a visual artifact (an anomaly seen during visual representation) in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It is a feature appearing in an image that is not present in the original object. [1] Many different artifacts can occur during MRI, some affecting the diagnostic quality, while others may be confused with pathology.
The first study of the human brain at 3.0 T was published in 1994, [13] and in 1998 at 8 T. [14] Studies of the human brain have been performed at 9.4 T (2006) [15] and up to 10.5 T (2019). [16] Paul Lauterbur and Sir Peter Mansfield were awarded the 2003 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their discoveries concerning MRI.
An MRI artifact is a visual artifact, that is, an anomaly during visual representation. Many different artifacts can occur during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), some affecting the diagnostic quality, while others may be confused with pathology.
Ghosting is a multidimensional artifact that occurs in the MRI in the phase-encoded direction (short axis of the image) after applying the Fourier transform. When the phase of the magnetic resonance signal is being encoded into the 2D or 3D Fourier image, a mild deviation from the actual phase and amplitude may occur.
Susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI), originally called BOLD venographic imaging, is an MRI sequence that is exquisitely sensitive to venous blood, hemorrhage and iron storage. SWI uses a fully flow compensated, long echo, gradient recalled echo (GRE) pulse sequence to acquire images.
Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain; Magnetic resonance microscopy; Magnetic resonance myelography; Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging; Magnetic resonance velocimetry; Magnetization transfer; Magnetophosphene; MRI artifact; MRI pulse sequence; Multispectral segmentation
The key to Phase-contrast MRI (PC-MRI) is the use of a bipolar gradient. [4] A bipolar gradient has equal positive and negative magnitudes that are applied for the same time duration. The bipolar gradient in PC-MRI is put in a sequence after RF excitation but before data collection during the echo time of the generic MRI modality.
Magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) is methodology in quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characterized by a pseudo-randomized acquisition strategy. It involves creating unique signal patterns or 'fingerprints' for different materials or tissues after which a pattern recognition algorithm matches these fingerprints with a predefined dictionary of expected signal patterns.