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Thus, an endothermic reaction generally leads to an increase in the temperature of the system and a decrease in that of the surroundings. [1] The term was coined by 19th-century French chemist Marcellin Berthelot. [3] The term endothermic comes from the Greek แผνδον (endon) meaning 'within' and θερμ- (therm) meaning 'hot' or 'warm'. [4]
The mouse is endothermic and regulates its body temperature through homeostasis. The lizard is ectothermic and its body temperature is dependent on the environment. Many endotherms have a larger amount of mitochondria per cell than ectotherms. This enables them to generate heat by increasing the rate at which they metabolize fats and sugars ...
The reaction is usually endothermic as heat is required to break chemical bonds in the compound undergoing decomposition. If decomposition is sufficiently exothermic, a positive feedback loop is created producing thermal runaway and possibly an explosion or other chemical reaction. Thermal decomposition is a chemical reaction where heat is a ...
In exothermic reactions, an increase in temperature decreases the equilibrium constant, K, whereas in endothermic reactions, an increase in temperature increases K. Le Chatelier's principle applied to changes in concentration or pressure can be understood by giving K a constant value. The effect of temperature on equilibria, however, involves a ...
The Van 't Hoff equation relates the change in the equilibrium constant, K eq, of a chemical reaction to the change in temperature, T, given the standard enthalpy change, Δ r H โ, for the process. The subscript r {\displaystyle r} means "reaction" and the superscript โ {\displaystyle \ominus } means "standard".
In an ideal system, where no losses or gains of heat due to environmental influences are involved, the progress of the reaction is observed as a constant increase or decrease of temperature depending respectively on whether ΔH r is negative (indicating an exothermic reaction) or positive (indicating an endothermic reaction). In this context ...
The Boudouard reaction, named after Octave Leopold Boudouard, is the redox reaction of a chemical equilibrium mixture of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide at a given temperature. It is the disproportionation of carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide and graphite or its reverse: [ 1 ]
In thermodynamics, a spontaneous process is a process which occurs without any external input to the system. A more technical definition is the time-evolution of a system in which it releases free energy and it moves to a lower, more thermodynamically stable energy state (closer to thermodynamic equilibrium).