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Wernicke encephalopathy (WE), also Wernicke's encephalopathy, [1] or wet brain is the presence of neurological symptoms caused by biochemical lesions of the central nervous system after exhaustion of B-vitamin reserves, in particular thiamine (vitamin B 1). [2]
It was originally thought [5] that raised CSF protein without pleocytosis ('albuminocytological dissociation') was a characteristic feature, as it is in Guillain–Barré syndrome, but this has not been supported in more recent work. [7] In only 30% of cases is an MRI brain scan abnormal. Nerve conduction studies may show an axonal ...
Symptoms of a brainstem stroke frequently include sudden vertigo and ataxia, with or without weakness. Brainstem stroke can also cause diplopia, slurred speech and decreased level of consciousness. A more serious outcome is locked-in syndrome. [citation needed]
The median age at diagnosis is 28 years of age, [7] and life expectancy is mildly decreased. [8] Type II (one or two alleles L444P) is characterized by neurological problems in small children. The enzyme is hardly released into the lysosomes. The prognosis is poor: most die before the age of three.
Gerstmann–Sträussler–Scheinker syndrome (GSS) is an extremely rare, always fatal (due to it being caused by prions) neurodegenerative disease that affects patients from 20 to 60 years in age. It is exclusively heritable, and is found in only a few families all over the world. [ 1 ]
The histologic findings are diffuse, irregular loss of axons and myelin accompanied by widespread gliosis, tissue death due to an infarction or loss of blood supply to the brain, and changes in the plasticity of the arteries. The pathologic mechanism may be damage caused by severe atherosclerosis. The onset of this disease is typically between ...
The average lifespan after the onset of symptoms in patients with MSA is 6–10 years. [4] Approximately 60% of patients require a wheelchair within five years of onset of the motor symptoms, and few patients survive beyond 12 years. [4] The disease progresses without remission at a variable rate.
This variation within the images will assist in early diagnosis of PCA; however, as the years go on the images will become increasingly similar, due to the majority of PCA also developing to AD later in life because of continued brain atrophy. [10] [23] A key aspect found through brain imaging of PCA patients is a loss of grey matter ...