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[ç] results from /j/ when preceded by /h/, often as a result of h-prothesis of the radical word, e.g. iaith /jai̯θ/ 'language' becomes ei hiaith [ɛi çai̯θ] 'her language'. [9] The stops /p t k/ are distinguished from /b d ɡ/ by means of aspiration more consistently than by voicing, as /b d ɡ/ are actually devoiced in most contexts.
The morphology of the Welsh language has many characteristics likely to be unfamiliar to speakers of English or continental European languages like French or German, but has much in common with the other modern Insular Celtic languages: Irish, Scottish Gaelic, Manx, Cornish, and Breton. Welsh is a moderately inflected language.
In the 1970s, there was an attempt to standardise the Welsh language by teaching Cymraeg Byw ('Living Welsh') – a colloquially-based generic form of Welsh, [131] but the attempt largely failed because it did not encompass the regional differences used by Welsh-speakers.
The following articles contain more information on Welsh: Welsh syntax; Colloquial Welsh morphology (the patterns that shape the spoken language as it is used by present-day Welsh speakers.) Literary Welsh morphology (the rules governing the use of the formal written language, normally corresponding to older, historical patterns.)
A 19th-century Welsh alphabet printed in Welsh, without j or rh The earliest samples of written Welsh date from the 6th century and are in the Latin alphabet (see Old Welsh). The orthography differs from that of modern Welsh, particularly in the use of p, t, c to represent the voiced plosives /b, d, ɡ/ non initially.
The historical development of the Welsh language has followed an atypical pattern resulting in two highly divergent registers: a literary form, and a colloquial form. These forms are both in modern use, with literary Welsh used in only the most formal or traditional artistic or religious contexts.
The morphology of the Welsh language shows many characteristics perhaps unfamiliar to speakers of English or continental European languages like French or German, but has much in common with the other modern Insular Celtic languages: Irish, Scottish Gaelic, Manx, Cornish, and Breton. Welsh is a moderately inflected language.
His works include The Celtic Heroic Age (first published in 1994, 4th edition in 2003), in collaboration with John Carey; The Gododdin of Aneirin (1997), an edition, translation and discussion of the early Welsh poem Y Gododdin; and numerous articles published in books and journals. A grammar of Old Welsh and a book on the historical Taliesin ...