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Beta activity is increased when movement has to be resisted or voluntarily suppressed. [8] The artificial induction of increased beta waves over the motor cortex by a form of electrical stimulation called Transcranial alternating-current stimulation consistent with its link to isotonic contraction produces a slowing of motor movements. [9]
Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) is a syndrome that causes episodes of increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system.Hyperactivity of the sympathetic nervous system can manifest as increased heart rate, increased respiration, increased blood pressure, diaphoresis, and hyperthermia. [1]
Beta blockers, in addition to their sympatholytic β 1 activity in the heart, influence the renin–angiotensin system at the kidneys. Beta blockers cause a decrease in renin secretion, which in turn reduces the heart oxygen demand by lowering the extracellular volume and increasing the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood.
When the term "alpha blocker" is used without further qualification, it can refer to an α 1 blocker, an α 2 blocker, a nonselective blocker (both α 1 and α 2 activity), or an α blocker with some β activity. [2] However, the most common type of alpha blocker is usually an α 1 blocker. Non-selective α-adrenergic receptor antagonists include:
Beta adrenergic agonists or beta agonists are medications that relax muscles of the airways, causing widening of the airways and resulting in easier breathing. [1] They are a class of sympathomimetic agents, each acting upon the beta adrenoceptors . [ 2 ]
During intense mental activity, beta waves are more prominent in frontal areas as well as other regions. If a relaxed person is told to open their eyes, one observes alpha activity decreasing and an increase in beta activity. Theta and delta waves are not generally seen in wakefulness - if they are, it is a sign of brain dysfunction. [3]
Alpha is a way to measure excess return, while beta is used to measure the volatility, or risk, of an asset. Beta might also be referred to as the return you can earn by passively owning the market.
Neurofeedback training can be used to gain control over the SMR activity. [4] Neurofeedback practitioners believe that this feedback enables the subject to learn the regulation of their own SMR. People with learning difficulties , [ 5 ] ADHD , [ 6 ] epilepsy , [ 7 ] and autism [ 8 ] may benefit from an increase in SMR activity via neurofeedback .