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It is a structural isomer of quinoline. Isoquinoline and quinoline are benzopyridines, which are composed of a benzene ring fused to a pyridine ring. In a broader sense, the term isoquinoline is used to make reference to isoquinoline derivatives. 1-Benzylisoquinoline is the structural backbone in many naturally occurring alkaloids such as ...
The reduction of quinoline with sodium borohydride in the presence of acetic acid is known to produce Kairoline A. [15] (C.f. Kairine) Several anti-malarial drugs contain quinoline substituents. These include quinine, chloroquine, amodiaquine, and primaquine. Quinoline is used as a solvent and reagent in organic synthesis. [16]
Isoquinoline alkaloids can be further classified based on their different chemical basic structures. The most common structural types are the benzylisoquinolines and the aporphines. [2] According to current knowledge, a total of about 2500 isoquinoline alkaloids are known nowadays, which are mainly formed by plants. [3]
Over 2500 biologically active derivatives are known from the benzylisoquinoline alkaloids. [4] Based on their structure, the compounds can be divided into numerous subgroups: the aporphines, the phthalideisoquinoline alkaloids, the morphinans, the protoberberine alkaloids, and the pavins.
The pyridine analog is quinoline or isoquinoline, and the class of analogues with two nitrogen atoms is known as the benzodiazines. For azepine, benzazepine is the preferred name. Likewise, the compounds with two benzene rings fused to the central heterocycle are carbazole , acridine , and dibenzoazepine.
Isoquinoline derivatives and related alkaloids [82] Simple derivatives of isoquinoline [83] Tyrosine or phenylalanine → dopamine or tyramine (for alkaloids Amarillis) [84] [85] Salsoline, lophocerine [82] [83] Derivatives of 1- and 3-isoquinolines [86] N-methylcoridaldine, noroxyhydrastinine [86] Derivatives of 1- and 4 ...
Alkaloids with a quinoline partial structure are widespread and are usually further subdivided according to their occurrence and biogenetic origin. Among the quinoline alkaloids are the cinchona alkaloids quinine and quinidine , which are important due to their therapeutic potential, furthermore cinchonine and cinchonidine, as well as some ...
S)-Norcoclaurine has been identified as the central 1-benzyl-tetrahydro-isoquinoline precursor [1] [2] from which numerous complex biosynthetic pathways eventually emerge. These pathways collectively lead to the structurally disparate compounds comprising the broad classification of plant natural products referred to as benzylisoquinoline ...