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Kun'yomi (訓読み) is a way of pronunciation of Chinese characters in Japanese. It is the pronunciation of the Japanese synonymous word that uses a Chinese character. Therefore, kun'yomi readings only borrow the form and meaning of Chinese characters, and do not use the Chinese pronunciations.
Many non-native Chinese speakers have difficulties mastering the tones of each character, but correct tonal pronunciation is essential for intelligibility because of the vast number of words in the language that only differ by tone (i.e. are minimal pairs with respect to tone). Statistically, tones are as important as vowels in Standard Chinese.
A xiesheng (Chinese: 諧聲; pinyin: xiéshēng; lit. 'harmonious sound') or phonological series is a set of Chinese characters sharing the same sound-based element. [1] Characters belonging to these series are generally phono-semantic compounds , where the character is composed of a semantic element (or radical ) and a sound-based element ...
Before the invention of romanization systems for Chinese, the pronunciation of characters was transmitted via rhyme dictionaries. These used the fanqie (反切; 'reverse cut') method, where each entry lists a common character with the same initial sound as the character in question, alongside one with the same final sound. [181]
The standard pronunciation of Chinese characters is based on the Beijing dialect of Mandarin. [52] Normally, a character is read with one syllable. Some Chinese characters have more than one pronunciation (polyphonic characters). Some syllables correspond to more than one character (homophonic characters). [53]
The majority of characters used in Standard Chinese are phono-semantic compounds – characters formed by placing two radicals, one hinting as its meaning and one hinting its pronunciation. Written Cantonese continues this practice via putting the 'mouth' radical ( 口 ) next to a character pronounced similarly that indicates its pronunciation.
The pronunciation of each group of homophonous characters was indicated using the fanqie method, using a pair of other words with the same initial consonant and final (the rest of the syllable) respectively. [2] Analysis of the fanqie spellings allows one to enumerate the initials and finals of the system, but not to determine their phonetic ...
Transcription into Chinese characters is the use of traditional or simplified Chinese characters to phonetically transcribe the sound of terms and names of foreign words to the Chinese language. Transcription is distinct from translation into Chinese whereby the meaning of a foreign word is communicated in Chinese.
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