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The perpendicular plate of palatine bone is the vertical part of the palatine bone, and is thin, of an oblong form, and presents two surfaces and four borders.
Each palatine bone somewhat resembles the letter L, and consists of a horizontal plate, a perpendicular plate, and three projecting processes—the pyramidal process, which is directed backward and lateral from the junction of the two parts, and the orbital and sphenoidal processes, which surmount the vertical part, and are separated by a deep ...
posterior: root of the pterygoid process and adjoining anterior surface of the greater wing of sphenoid bone; medial: perpendicular plate of the palatine bone and its orbital and sphenoidal processes; lateral: pterygomaxillary fissure; inferior: part of the floor is formed by the pyramidal process of the palatine bone.
The posterior border, serrated at the expense of the outer table, [citation needed] articulates with the vaginal process of the medial pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone. [1] The medial border articulates with ala of vomer. [1] The orbital and sphenoidal processes are separated from one another by the sphenopalatine notch.
It is located in the midsagittal line, and articulates with the sphenoid, the ethmoid, the left and right palatine bones, and the left and right maxillary bones. The vomer forms the inferior part of the nasal septum in humans, with the superior part formed by the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone. [3]
The orbital process of the palatine bone is placed on a higher level than the sphenoidal, and is directed upward and lateralward from the front of the vertical part, to which it is connected by a constricted neck. It presents five surfaces, which enclose an air cell.
Its medial end is sharp and pointed, and, when united with that of the opposite bone, forms a projecting process, the posterior nasal spine for the attachment of the musculus uvulae. The lateral border is united with the lower margin of the perpendicular plate , and is grooved by the lower end of the greater palatine canal .
The pyramidal process of the palatine bone projects backward and lateralward from the junction of the horizontal and vertical parts, and is received into the angular interval between the lower extremities of the pterygoid plates. On its posterior surface is a smooth, grooved, triangular area, limited on either side by a rough articular furrow.