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Rutile is an oxide mineral composed of titanium dioxide (TiO 2), the most common natural form of TiO 2. Rarer polymorphs of TiO 2 are known, including anatase , akaogiite , and brookite . Rutile has one of the highest refractive indices at visible wavelengths of any known crystal and also exhibits a particularly large birefringence and high ...
Rutilated quartz is a variety of quartz which contains acicular (needle-like) inclusions of rutile. [1] It is used for gemstones. These inclusions mostly look golden, but they also can appear silver, copper red or black.
Rutile is the next most abundant and contains around 98% titanium dioxide in the ore. The metastable anatase and brookite phases convert irreversibly to the equilibrium rutile phase upon heating above temperatures in the range 600–800 °C (1,110–1,470 °F). [14]
For example, anatase is less hard (5.5–6 vs. 6–6.5 on the Mohs scale) and less dense (specific gravity about 3.9 vs. 4.2) than rutile. Anatase is also optically negative, whereas rutile is optically positive. Anatase has a more strongly adamantine or metallic-adamantine luster than that of rutile as well. [8]
The Becher process is a process to produce rutile, a form of titanium dioxide, from the ore ilmenite. Although it is competitive with the chloride process and the sulfate process, . [1] [2] the Becher process is not used on scale. [3] With the idealized formula FeTiO 3, ilmenite contains 55-65% titanium dioxide, the rest being iron oxide. The ...
The goal of the process is to win high purity titanium dioxide from ores such as ilmenite (FeTiO 3) and rutile (TiO 2). The strategy exploits the volatility of TiCl 4, which is readily purified and converted to the dioxide. Millions of tons of TiO 2 are produced annually by this process, mainly for use as white pigments.
Thereafter, rutile, leucoxene and then ilmenite in terms of value given to the ore. As a generality, typically the valuable components of the THM concentrate rarely exceed 30%. Being ancient stranded dune systems, the tonnage of most deposits is in excess of several tens of millions of tonnes to several hundred million tonnes.
Sierra Rutile Limited (Titanium Resources Group Ltd. until 2011) is a mining company with headquarters based in Freetown, Sierra Leone. The company currently has operating mines for Rutile , ilmenite , zircon , and titanium dioxide minerals in South and Northwest Sierra Leone, specifically in the Moyamba and Bonthe Districts. [ 2 ]