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In children, septic arthritis is usually caused by non-specific bacterial infection and commonly hematogenous, i.e., spread through the bloodstream. [6] [7] Septic arthritis and/or acute hematogenous osteomyelitis usually occurs in children with no co-occurring health problems. Other routes of infection include direct trauma and spread from a ...
[3] [4] Septic arthritis is an orthopedic emergency, which, if treatment is delayed, can lead to irreversible joint damage. Septic arthritis occurs more often in childhood than at any other time. [4] [5] Kocher criteria are a useful guide to the diagnosis of septic arthritis in children, especially in the hip, one of the most frequently ...
Group A streptococcal infections are a number of infections with Streptococcus pyogenes, a group A streptococcus (GAS). [1] S. pyogenes is a species of beta-hemolytic Gram-positive bacteria that is responsible for a wide range of infections that are mostly common and fairly mild.
Most septic arthritis cases caused by anaerobic bacteria are monomicrobial. The predominant anaerobic bacteria isolated are Peptostreptococcus spp. and Propionibacterium acnes (frequently found in prosthetic joint infection), B. fragilis and Fusobacterium spp. (frequently found in infections of hematogenic origin), and Clostridium spp ...
Meropenem is the preferred antibiotic therapy for neurological melioidosis and for those with septic shock admitted into intensive care units. Co-trimoxazole is recommended in addition to ceftazidime for neurological melioidosis, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, skin and gastrointestinal infection, and deeply seated abscesses.
Septic arthritis is an inflammatory response to an infection (usually bacterial) in the joint. Usually impacting large joints like the hip or the knee, it is a medical emergency with a mortality rate of about 10%. It is treated with oral and intravenous antibiotics as well as joint drainage. [2]
In severe sepsis and septic shock, broad-spectrum antibiotics (usually two, a β-lactam antibiotic with broad coverage, or broad-spectrum carbapenem combined with fluoroquinolones, macrolides, or aminoglycosides) are recommended. The choice of antibiotics is important in determining the survival of the person.
Antibiotic loaded polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) which are placed in the joint are helpful, however these non-resorbable beads may themselves be colonized by bacteria with an associated biofilm, therefore bio-absorbable local antibiotic carriers (calcium sulfate beads, resorbable gentamicin sponges) are preferred.