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Surgical shock is a physiologic state of shock which can be related to complications of surgery or the surgery itself. [1] Shock is defined as insufficient perfusion or blood flow to organs and body tissue that causes organ and tissue dysfunction, [2] [1] and can be divided into different types depending on the cause and symptoms. A common type ...
The blood pump is then switched off, and the interval of circulatory arrest begins. At this time more blood is drained to reduce residual blood pressure if surgery on a cerebral aneurysm is to be performed to help create a bloodless surgical field. [41] After surgery is completed during the period of cold circulatory arrest, these steps are ...
A seroma is a pocket of clear serous fluid (filtered blood plasma). They may sometimes develop in the body after surgery, particularly after breast surgery, abdominal surgery, and reconstructive surgery. They can be diagnosed by physical signs, and with a CT scan. Seromas can be difficult to manage.
The symptoms of TACO can include shortness of breath , low blood oxygen levels , leg swelling (peripheral edema), high blood pressure (hypertension), and a high heart rate (tachycardia). [ 3 ] It can occur due to a rapid transfusion of a large volume of blood but can also occur during a single red blood cell transfusion (about 15% of cases). [ 2 ]
Initial management consists of immediate blood transfusion if the patient is in hemorrhagic shock. Classically, hemoperitoneum was an indication for emergency surgery to locate the source of bleeding and also to recover spilled blood from the peritoneal cavity and to use it for auto-transfusion if it has not been contaminated by ruptured bowel contents.
Deoxygenated blood arriving to the heart from veins is forwarded to the CPB machine to get oxygenated, then delivered to the aorta to keep the rest of the body saturated. The blood is often cooled to 32–34 °C (90–93 °F) to slow metabolism and minimize the demand for oxygen. A clamp is placed on the aorta between the cardioplegic catheter ...
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After vascular surgery, 34% of patients receiving heparin developed HIT antibodies without clinical symptoms. [15] The exact number of cases of HIT in the general population is unknown. What is known is that women receiving heparin after a recent surgical procedure, particularly cardiothoracic surgery , have a higher risk, while the risk is ...