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Yttrium is a chemical element; it has symbol Y and atomic number 39. It is a silvery-metallic transition metal chemically similar to the lanthanides and has often been classified as a "rare-earth element". [8] Yttrium is almost always found in combination with lanthanide elements in rare-earth minerals and is never found in nature as a free ...
Yttrium nitrate: Y(NO 3) 3: 274.927: Yttrium oxalate tetrahydrate: C 6 O 12 Y 2: 441.86 [9] Yttrium orthovanadate: YVO 4: 203.84: Yttrium(III) oxide: Y 2 O 3: 225.81: Yttrium(III) perchlorate: Y(ClO 4) 3: 387.265: Yttrium(III) perchlorate hexahydrate: Y(ClO 4) 3 ·6H 2 O: 495.361: Yttrium phosphide: YP: 119.88: Yttrium phosphate: YPO 4: 183.877 ...
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Yttrium hydroxide can be decomposed by heating. Firstly, basic yttrium oxide (YO(OH)) is formed, and when heating is continued yttrium oxide is obtained. Both yttrium oxide and yttrium hydroxide are easily soluble in strong acids to form corresponding yttrium salts. Yttrium chalcogenides Y 2 S 3, Y 2 Se 3, and Y 2 Te 3 are known. They can be ...
Natural yttrium (39 Y) is composed of a single isotope yttrium-89. The most stable radioisotopes are 88 Y, which has a half-life of 106.6 days, and 91 Y, with a half-life of 58.51 days. All the other isotopes have half-lives of less than a day, except 87 Y, which has a half-life of 79.8 hours, and 90 Y, with 64 hours.
Yttrium oxide is used to stabilize the Zirconia in late-generation porcelain-free metal-free dental ceramics. This is a very hard ceramic used as a strong base material in some full ceramic restorations. [9]
The most available element in group 3 is yttrium, with annual production of 8,900 tonnes in 2010. Yttrium is mostly produced as oxide, by a single country, China (99%). [75] Lutetium and scandium are also mostly obtained as oxides, and their annual production by 2001 was about 10 and 2 tonnes, respectively. [76]
Yttrium barium copper oxide (YBCO) is a family of crystalline chemical compounds that display high-temperature superconductivity; it includes the first material ever discovered to become superconducting above the boiling point of liquid nitrogen [77 K (−196.2 °C; −321.1 °F)] at about 93 K (−180.2 °C; −292.3 °F).