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A nosebleed, also known as epistaxis, is an instance of bleeding from the nose. [1] Blood can flow down into the stomach, and cause nausea and vomiting. [8] In more severe cases, blood may come out of both nostrils. [9] Rarely, bleeding may be so significant that low blood pressure occurs. [1]
Bleeding, hemorrhage, haemorrhage or blood loss is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged blood vessels. [1] Bleeding can occur internally , or externally either through a natural opening such as the mouth , nose , ear , urethra , vagina or anus , or through a puncture in the skin .
List of medical symptoms. Medical symptoms refer to the manifestations or indications of a disease or condition, perceived and complained about by the patient. [1] [2] Patients observe these symptoms and seek medical advice from healthcare professionals.
The incidence of intracerebral hemorrhage is estimated at 24.6 cases per 100,000 person years with the incidence rate being similar in men and women. [7] [8] The incidence is much higher in the elderly, especially those who are 85 or older, who are 9.6 times more likely to have an intracerebral hemorrhage as compared to those of middle age. [8]
They may cause pressure necrosis of the nasal septum or lateral wall of nose. Rhinoliths can cause nasal obstruction, epistaxis, headache, sinusitis and epiphora. They can be diagnosed from the history with unilateral foul-smelling blood-stained nasal discharge or by anterior rhinoscopy. On probing, the probe can be passed around all its corners.
Rhinophyma develops in certain individuals with an unknown predisposition from long-standing rosacea which has progressed to a severe form. [2]Although rhinophyma has been commonly presumed to be linked to alcoholism, a direct causal relationship between the condition and excessive alcohol consumption has not been substantiated. [2]
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Common signs can depend on age and sex: flushing and red swollen patches are common in the young, small and visible dilated blood vessels in older individuals, and swelling of the nose is common in men. [10] Other signs include lumps on the skin (papules or pustules) and swelling of the face. [10]