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Lugol's solution is commonly available in different potencies of (nominal) 1%, 2%, 5% or 10%. Iodine concentrations greater than 2.2% are subject to US regulations. [ 11 ] [ 33 ] [ 34 ] If the US regulations are taken literally, their 2.2% maximum iodine concentration limits a Lugol's solution to maximum (nominal) 0.87%.
The main strategies for the management of thyroid storm are reducing production and release of thyroid hormone, reducing the effects of thyroid hormone on tissues, replacing fluid losses, and controlling temperature. [5] Thyroid storm requires prompt treatment and hospitalization. Often, admission to the intensive care unit is needed. [21]
Lugol's iodine is used to temporarily block thyroid hormone synthesis before surgeries. [3] It is also used to treat patients with thyroid storm or, more commonly, to reduce thyroid vascularity before thyroidectomy (surgical removal of the thyroid gland ).
Unlike the Wolff–Chaikoff effect, the Plummer effect does not prevent the thyroid from taking up radioactive iodine, e.g. in the case of nuclear emergencies.Therefore, "plummering" with high-dose iodine is only effective in a short time window after the release of radionuclides. [9]
Saturated solutions of potassium iodide can be an emergency treatment for hyperthyroidism (so-called thyroid storm), as high amounts of iodide temporarily suppress secretion of thyroxine from the thyroid gland. [58] The dose typically begins with a loading dose, then 1 ⁄ 3 mL SSKI (5 drops or 250 mg iodine as iodide), three times per day.
The Wolff–Chaikoff effect has been used as a treatment principle against hyperthyroidism (especially thyroid storm) by infusion of a large amount of iodine to suppress the thyroid gland. Iodide was used to treat hyperthyroidism before antithyroid drugs such as propylthiouracil and methimazole were developed.
It appears from reading the article that Lugol's Iodine is an aqueous solution of a 2:1 mixture of KI and I 2 by weight. This would correspond to a 3:1 molar ratio (which makes sense as I − needs to be in excess). Perhaps this could be written as "Lugol's Iodine is a solution of KI/I 2 (3:1) in water." IMO the details of the various ...
Iodine-131 (usually as iodide) is a component of nuclear fallout, and is particularly dangerous owing to the thyroid gland's propensity to concentrate ingested iodine and retain it for periods longer than this isotope's radiological half-life of eight days. For this reason, people at risk of exposure to environmental radioactive iodine (iodine ...
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