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The National Insurance number is a number used in the United Kingdom in the administration of the National Insurance or social security system. It is also used as a de facto national identification number in the UK, including in the tax system, banking, social welfare, online government services and electoral registration, despite it not being explicitly defined as such.
His Majesty's Revenue and Customs (commonly HM Revenue and Customs, or HMRC) [4] [5] is a non-ministerial department of the UK government responsible for the collection of taxes, the payment of some forms of state support, the administration of other regulatory regimes including the national minimum wage and the issuance of national insurance numbers.
National Insurance contributions form a significant proportion of the UK Government's revenue, raising £145 billion in 2019-20 (representing 17.5% of all tax revenue). [3] The benefit component includes several contributory benefits, availability and amount of which is determined by the claimant's contribution record and circumstances.
The national number is unique to each person and in that capacity used by most government institutions; however, because one can immediately read the date of birth and the sex of the numbers' holder and because it is the key in most government databases (including that of the tax administration, the social security, and others), it is ...
The three British National Insurance Funds hold the contributions of the National Insurance Scheme, set up by the Government of the United Kingdom in 1911. It was reformed in 1948 and assumed broadly its current form in 1975, when the separate National Insurance (Industrial Injuries) and National Insurance (Reserve) Funds were merged with it. [ 1 ]
Anyone newly registering under the new system will need to register themselves individually by filling out a paper or online form. [2] In order to register under IER electors are required to provide their date of birth and evidence of their identity, most often a national insurance number. [4]
A British 1948 National Insurance stamp, once used to collect contributions to the scheme. The National Insurance Act 1946 (9 & 10 Geo 6 c. 67) was a British Act of Parliament passed during the Attlee ministry which established a comprehensive system of social security throughout the United Kingdom.
In return for opting out of SERPS the employer would pay reduced National Insurance contributions. In 1988 members of money purchase pension schemes were allowed to opt out for the first time. Instead of providing a Guaranteed Minimum Pension these schemes had to pay the saving in National Insurance contributions into the pension arrangement.
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