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[2] [3] The name "Golden Triangle" was coined by Marshall Green, a U.S. State Department official, in 1971 in a press conference on the opium trade. [1] [4] [5] Today, the Thai side of the river confluence, Sop Ruak, has become a tourist attraction, with the House of Opium Museum, a Hall of Opium, a Golden Triangle Park, and no opium ...
The two main producers of heroin for the global market are frequently referred to as the Golden Triangle, including Myanmar, Thailand and Laos, and the Golden Crescent, which includes Afghanistan, Pakistan and Iran. [4] [5] Specifically Afghanistan and Pakistan as the two largest heroin and opium producers and exporters via the WIO.
Opium (also known as poppy tears, or Lachryma papaveris) is the dried latex obtained from the seed capsules of the opium poppy Papaver somniferum. [4] Approximately 12 percent of opium is made up of the analgesic alkaloid morphine, which is processed chemically to produce heroin and other synthetic opioids for medicinal use and for the illegal drug trade.
The Golden Crescent is the name given to one of Asia's two principal areas of illicit opium production (with the other being the Golden Triangle).Located at the crossroads of Central, South, and West Asia, this space covers the mountainous peripheries of Afghanistan and Pakistan, extending into eastern Iran.
Kian Gwan (Chinese: 建源; pinyin: Jiànyuán; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Kiàn-goân) was the largest multinational trading company in Southeast Asia in the early decades of the twentieth century, and was founded in 1863 in the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia). [1] It survives today as a diversified group in Thailand.
The treaty was signed and ratified by the State of Vietnam, France, British India, Japan, Laos, Netherlands, Thailand, and United Kingdom. Article I provided that retail sale and distribution of opium would be limited to Government shops.
The opium trade network in Myanmar indirectly created a network widely known as the Golden Triangle, a term coined by the CIA, in the area around the Myanmar, Laos, and Thailand border. Opium production in Myanmar dates back to during the period of the Konbaung dynasty. [61] In aftermath of the Chinese civil war, some Kuomintang loyalists ...
The Cambodian black market trade of illicit drugs includes cannabis, methamphetamine, ketamine, MDMA and heroin. [2] [3] Cambodia remains a major supplier of cannabis to countries in East and Southeast Asia and other parts of the world. [citation needed] Large amounts of heroin are also smuggled throughout the (Golden Triangle). Drug abuse is ...