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The parallel sides are called the bases of the trapezoid. [4] The other two sides are called the legs [4] (or the lateral sides) if they are not parallel; otherwise, the trapezoid is a parallelogram, and there are two pairs of bases. A scalene trapezoid is a trapezoid with no sides of equal measure, [5] in contrast with the special cases below.
The median is parallel to the two parallel sides, and equidistant from them. [1] [2] [3] One application of the theorem is to simplify the statement of the area formula for a trapezoid. The area is the product of the median length and the height of the trapezoid (the distance between its two parallel sides). [4]
The area of an isosceles (or any) trapezoid is equal to the average of the lengths of the base and top (the parallel sides) times the height. In the adjacent diagram, if we write AD = a , and BC = b , and the height h is the length of a line segment between AD and BC that is perpendicular to them, then the area K is
A trigonometric formula for the area in terms of the sides ... The ratio of two opposite sides in a ... and AD and BC are the parallel sides of a trapezoid if ...
The formula for the area of a trapezoid can be simplified using Pitot's theorem to get a formula for the area of a tangential trapezoid. If the bases have lengths a, b, and any one of the other two sides has length c, then the area K is given by the formula [2] (This formula can be used only in cases where the bases are parallel.)
The intercept theorem, also known as Thales's theorem, basic proportionality theorem or side splitter theorem, is an important theorem in elementary geometry about the ratios of various line segments that are created if two rays with a common starting point are intercepted by a pair of parallels.
For more, see Trapezoid § Trapezium vs Trapezoid.) Trapezium (UK) or trapezoid (US): at least one pair of opposite sides are parallel. Trapezia (UK) and trapezoids (US) include parallelograms. Isosceles trapezium (UK) or isosceles trapezoid (US): one pair of opposite sides are parallel and the base angles are equal in measure. Alternative ...
Perimeter#Formulas – Path that surrounds an area; List of second moments of area; List of surface-area-to-volume ratios – Surface area per unit volume; List of surface area formulas – Measure of a two-dimensional surface; List of trigonometric identities; List of volume formulas – Quantity of three-dimensional space