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Pine oil is a higher boiling fraction from turpentine. Both synthetic and natural pine oil consists mainly of α-terpineol, a C10 alcohol (b.p. 214–217 °C). [5] [1] Other components include dipentene and pinene. [6] The detailed composition of natural pine oil depends on many factors, such as the species of the host plant. [7]
It is a colorless liquid with a pleasant pine-like scent, and it is produced on a multi-ton scale for this purpose. The compound is prepared by reaction of camphene with acetic acid in the presence of a strongly acidic catalyst such as sulfuric acid. Hydrolysis of isobornyl acetate gives isoborneol, a precursor to camphor. [1]
The original Berger lamp used methyl alcohol, while modern lamps use isopropyl alcohol (90% or more). [5] Perfumes or essential oils may be added. To start the catalytic process it is necessary to allow the wick to thoroughly absorb the fuel and then to light the catalytic burner with a flame and let it burn for approximately two minutes until the catalytic stone reaches the correct operating ...
Spirits of turpentine, called camphine, was burned in lamps with glass chimneys in the 1830s through the 1860s. Turpentine blended with grain alcohol was known as burning fluid. Both were used as domestic lamp fuels, gradually replacing whale oil, until kerosene, gas lighting and electric lights began to predominate.
Alpha-pinene is the most widely encountered terpenoid in nature [6] and is highly repellent to insects. [7]Alpha-pinene appears in conifers and numerous other plants. [8] Pinene is a major component of the essential oils of Sideritis spp. (ironwort) [9] and Salvia spp. (sage). [10]
Nahor oil, pressed from the kernels of Mesua ferrea, is used in India as a lamp oil. [171] Paradise oil, from the seeds of Simarouba glauca, has received interest in India as a feed stock for biodiesel. [172] Petroleum nut oil, from the Petroleum nut (Pittosporum resiniferum) native to the Philippines. The Philippine government once explored ...
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