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The Indian Independence Act 1947 (10 & 11 Geo. 6. c. c. 30) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that partitioned British India into the two new independent dominions of India and Pakistan .
The history of independent India or history of Republic of India began when the country became an independent sovereign state within the British Commonwealth on 15 August 1947. Direct administration by the British, which began in 1858 , affected a political and economic unification of the subcontinent .
Then at 12:02 A.M., on 15 August 1947 India became a sovereign and democratic nation. Eventually, 15 August became Independence Day for India marking the end of British India. Also on 15 August, both Pakistan and India had the right to remain in or remove themselves from the British Commonwealth.
The Indian Independence Act 1947 (10 & 11 Geo 6 c. 30) of the Parliament of the United Kingdom partitioned British India into the two new independent dominions of India and Pakistan (including what is now Bangladesh) with effect from 15 August 1947, and granted complete legislative authority upon the respective constituent assemblies of the new ...
By the early 1920s, the Indian National Congress had become the principal leader of Indian nationalism. [12] Led by Mahatma Gandhi, the Congress was to lead India to independence from the United Kingdom, [d] [13] [e] [14] and powerfully influence other anti-colonial nationalist movements in the British Empire.
The constitution replaced the Government of India Act 1935 as the governing document of India, thus turning the nation from a dominion into a republic, following its independence from the British Raj in 1947. The constitution was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of India on 26 November 1949 and came into effect on 26 January 1950.
Thus, the constitution of India repealed the Indian Independence Act 1947 and Government of India Act 1935 when it became effective on 26 January 1950. India ceased to be a dominion of the British Crown and became a sovereign, democratic republic with the constitution.
It was one of the largest empires to have existed in the Indian subcontinent, [302] and surpassed China to become the world's largest economic power, controlling 24.4% of the world economy, [303] and the world leader in manufacturing, [304] producing 25% of global industrial output. [305]