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In 1851, a ship coming from Cuba carried the disease to Gran Canaria. [35] It is considered that more than 6,000 people died in the island during summer, [36] out of a population of 58,000. In 1852, cholera spread east to the Dutch East Indies and later was carried to Japan in 1854. The Philippines were infected in 1858 and Korea in 1859.
Cholera spread throughout the Middle East and was carried to the Russian Empire, Europe, Africa, and North America, in each case spreading via travelers from port cities and along inland waterways. [2] The pandemic reached Northern Africa in 1865 and spread to sub-Saharan Africa, killing 70,000 in Zanzibar in 1869–70. [3]
In 1851, a ship coming from Cuba carried the disease to Gran Canaria. [21] It is considered that more than 6,000 people died in the island during summer, [22] out of a population of 58,000. In 1852, cholera spread east to Indonesia, and later was carried to China and Japan in 1854. The Philippines were infected in 1858 and Korea in 1859.
In such places, cholera infects between one and four million people every year, per the World Health Organization, and contributes to some 21,000 to 143,000 deaths annually.
Cholera ravaged northern Africa in 1865 and southeastward to Zanzibar, killing 70,000 in 1869–70. [35] Cholera claimed 90,000 lives in Russia in 1866. [36] The epidemic of cholera that spread with the Austro-Prussian War (1866) is estimated to have killed 165,000 people in the Austrian Empire. [37] In 1867, 113,000 died from cholera in Italy.
Popular medical practices, such as bloodletting, could not be effective in such a case. Snow also argued that cholera was not a product of Miasma. "There was nothing in the air to account for the spread of cholera". [25] According to Snow, cholera was spread by persons ingesting a substance, not through atmospheric transmittal. [25]
From there, the disease spread along trade routes to cover most of India. By 1828, the disease had traveled to China. Cholera was also reported in China in 1826 and 1835, and in Japan in 1831. In 1829, Iran was apparently infected with cholera from Afghanistan. [9] Cholera reached the southern tips of the Ural Mountains in 1829.
The World Health Organization says that while poverty and conflict remain enduring drivers for cholera around the world, climate change is aggravating the acute global upsurge of the disease that ...