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The protein has a carbohydrate content of around 33%, featuring at least three unique types of carbohydrate side chains. [3] It is known to possess a wide range of biological activities, including regulating cell functions and promoting the production of macrophages, lymphocytes, and cytokines, suggesting that it plays a role in the immune system.
The words protein, polypeptide, and peptide are a little ambiguous and can overlap in meaning. Protein is generally used to refer to the complete biological molecule in a stable conformation, whereas peptide is generally reserved for a short amino acid oligomers often lacking a stable 3D structure. But the boundary between the two is not well ...
Protein structure is the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in an amino acid-chain molecule. Proteins are polymers – specifically polypeptides – formed from ...
Peptide fragments refer to fragments of proteins that are used to identify or quantify the source protein. [17] Often these are the products of enzymatic degradation performed in the laboratory on a controlled sample, but can also be forensic or paleontological samples that have been degraded by natural effects.
In oxyhemoglobin the iron atom is located in the plane of the porphyrin ring, but in the paramagnetic deoxyhemoglobin the iron atom lies above the plane of the ring. [11] This change in spin state is a cooperative effect due to the higher crystal field splitting and smaller ionic radius of Fe 2+ in the oxyhemoglobin moiety.
Pyruvate kinase, a protein with three domains (In molecular biology, a protein domain is a region of a protein's polypeptide chain that is self-stabilizing and that folds independently from the rest. Each domain forms a compact folded three-dimensional structure. Many proteins consist of several domains, and a domain may appear in a variety of ...
Proteinase K is commonly used in molecular biology to digest protein and remove contamination from preparations of nucleic acid. Addition of Proteinase K to nucleic acid preparations rapidly inactivates nucleases that might otherwise degrade the DNA or RNA during purification.
Scoring functions are widely used in drug discovery and other molecular modelling applications. These include: [4] Virtual screening of small molecule databases of candidate ligands to identify novel small molecules that bind to a protein target of interest and therefore are useful starting points for drug discovery [5]