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El Camino Real de los Tejas routes in Spanish Texas. Alonso de León, Spanish governor of Coahuila, established the corridor for what became El Camino Real de Tierra Afuera in multiple expeditions to East Texas between 1686 and 1690 to find and destroy a French fort near Lavaca Bay, [2] established by René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle on what de León considered to be Spanish lands.
The first railroad built in Texas is called the Harrisburg Railroad and opened for business in 1853. [21] In 1854, the Texas and Red River telegraph services were the first telegraph offices to open in Texas. [21] The Texas cotton industry in 1859 increased production by seven times compared to 1849, as 58,073 bales increased to 431,645 bales. [22]
Spanish Texas was one of the interior provinces of the colonial Viceroyalty of New Spain from 1519 until 1821. Spain claimed ownership of the region in 1519. Slave raids by Spaniards into what became Texas began in the 16th century and created an atmosphere of antagonism with Native Americans (Indians) which would cause endless difficulties for the Spanish in the future.
This map is the earliest recorded document of Texas history. [ 18 ] Between 1528 and 1535, four survivors of the Narváez expedition , including Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca and Estevanico , spent six and a half years in Texas as slaves and traders among various native groups.
1873 Map of Chisholm Trail with Subsidiary Trails in Texas (from Kansas Historical Society). The Chisholm Trail (/ˈt͡ʃɪzəm/ CHIZ-əm) was a trail used in the post-Civil War era to drive cattle overland from ranches in southern Texas, crossed the Red River into Indian Territory, and ended at Kansas rail stops.
Nuevo Santander (New Santander) was a region of the Viceroyalty of New Spain, covering the modern Mexican state of Tamaulipas and extending into modern-day southern Texas in the United States. [ 1 ] Nuevo Santander was named after Santander, Cantabria , Spain , and settled by Spanish American colonists in a concerted settlement campaign peaking ...
These problems required additional legislation by the Congress of the Republic of Texas and the Texas Legislature. [1] [4] Unappropriated land within the original boundary was insufficient; settlers and trading posts were already in the area. A second contract was requested that extended the boundary 40 miles south. It was signed on November 9 ...
A New Map of Texas, Oregon, and California, Samuel Augustus Mitchell, 1846. Despite periods of peaceful co-existence [when?], wars with Native Americans resulted in substantial territorial gains for American colonists who were expanding into native land.