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Classical swine fever (CSF) or hog cholera (also sometimes called pig plague based on the German word Schweinepest) is a highly contagious disease of swine (Old World and New World pigs). [4] It has been mentioned as a potential bioweapon .
Typically, mass vaccination of all pigs on the farm with a modified live virus vaccine is recommended. Intranasal vaccination of sows and neonatal piglets one to seven days old, followed by intramuscular (IM) vaccination of all other swine on the premises, helps reduce viral shedding and improve survival.
CNE is a necrotizing inflammation of the small bowel (especially the jejunum but also the ileum). Clinical results may vary from mild diarrhea to a life-threatening sequence of severe abdominal pain, vomiting (often bloody), bloody stool, ulceration of the small intestine with leakage (perforation) into the peritoneal cavity and possible death within a single day due to peritonitis.
Trichinosis, also known as trichinellosis, is a parasitic disease caused by roundworms of the Trichinella genus. [1] During the initial infection, invasion of the intestines can result in diarrhea, abdominal pain, and vomiting. [1]
In the acute form of the disease caused by highly virulent strains, pigs may develop a high fever, but show no other noticeable symptoms for the first few days. [14] They then gradually lose their appetites and become depressed. In white-skinned pigs, the extremities turn blueish-purple and hemorrhages become apparent on the ears and abdomen.
The H1N1 form of swine flu is one of the descendants of the strain that caused the 1918 flu pandemic. [71] [72] As well as persisting in pigs, the descendants of the 1918 virus have also circulated in humans through the 20th century, contributing to the normal seasonal epidemics of influenza. [72]
The injectable version is also licensed for preventing and treating acute vomiting in cats. [9] [5] [10] [11] Maropitant is effective in treating vomiting from a variety of causes, including gastroenteritis, chemotherapy, and kidney failure; [12] [13] when given beforehand, it can prevent vomiting caused by using an opioid as a premedication.
Staphylococcus hyicus commonly infects pig herds worldwide due to its global distribution. [1] It can be found on asymptomatic carrier pigs at sites such as the skin, mucosa of nasal cavity, conjunctiva, and genitals (vagina of sow and prepuce of boar). [1] [9] Gram positive cocci in clusters.