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Scythia at its maximum extent. Scythia (UK: / ˈ s ɪ ð i ə /, [1] also US: / ˈ s ɪ θ i ə / [2]) or Scythica (UK: / ˈ s ɪ ð i k ə /, also US: / ˈ s ɪ θ i k ə /) was a geographic region defined in the ancient Graeco-Roman world that encompassed the Pontic–Caspian steppe. It was inhabited by Scythians, an ancient Eastern Iranian ...
The Scythians (/ ˈ s ɪ θ i ə n / or / ˈ s ɪ ð i ə n /) or Scyths (/ ˈ s ɪ θ /, but note Scytho-(/ ˈ s aɪ θ oʊ /) in composition) and sometimes also referred to as the Pontic Scythians, [7] [8] were an ancient Eastern Iranian equestrian nomadic people who had migrated during the 9th to 8th centuries BC from Central Asia to the ...
The 6th century AD Eastern Roman grammarian Stephanus of Byzantium, citing the 1st century BC Greek scholar Alexander of Miletus, recorded the existence of a cult to "Asklēpios" at an uncertain location in Scythia which was called Hagion (Ancient Greek: Hagion, lit. 'Holy') in Greek. [83]
After the Royal Scythians had lost control of Ciscaucasia in the south-east over the course of 550 to 500 BC, they moved their centre of power from the north-west to the region of the lower Dnipro River in the late 6th and early 5th centuries BC, and a fully developed Scythian culture with no local forerunners consequently appeared in this ...
Arabia – (in biblical times and until the 7th century AD Arabia was confined to the Arabian Peninsula) Aram/Aramea – (Modern Syria) Arbela (Erbil/Irbil) – Assyrian city; Archevite; Armenia – Indo-European kingdom of eastern Asia Minor and southern Caucasus. Arrapkha – Assyrian city, modern Kirkuk; Ashdod; Ashkelon; Ashur/Asshur/Assur ...
The remnants of the Cimmerians in the Caspian Steppe were assimilated by the Scythians, [61] with this absorption being facilitated by their similar ethnic backgrounds and lifestyles, [66] thus transferring the dominance of this region from the Cimmerians to the Scythians who were assimilating them, [43] [30] after which the Scythians settled ...
Scythians can broadly be differentiated into "Western" and "Eastern" sub-groups, with Western Scythians displaying affinity to various modern groups in the Caucasus and Central Asia, while Eastern Scythian affinity is more widespread but nearly exclusively found among modern Turkic-speaking as well as Uralic and Paleosiberian peoples.
The religious beliefs of the Scythians are not fully understood by historians however many believe they were polytheists, with a belief in the afterlife. [ 6 ] [ page needed ] This is evidenced by the grave goods found in burial sites, such as group burials found within the catacombs located in the Eastern Necropolis in Scythian Neapolis.