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In woodworking, a knee is a natural or cut curved piece of wood. [1] Knees, sometimes called ship's knees, are a common form of bracing in boat building and occasionally in timber framing . A knee rafter in carpentry is a bent rafter used to gain head room in an attic.
Timber framing is a general term for building with wooden posts and beams. The term post is the namesake of other general names for timber framing such as post-and-beam, post-and-girt construction and more specific types of timber framing such as Post and lintel, post-frame, post in ground, and ridge-post construction.
Timber framing uses fewer, larger wooden members, commonly timbers in the range of 15 to 30 cm (6 to 12 in), while common wood framing uses many more timbers with dimensions usually in the 5- to 25-cm (2- to 10-in) range.
Light frame material dimensions range from 38 by 89 mm (1.5 by 3.5 in); i.e., a Dimensional number two-by-four to 5 cm by 30 cm (two-by-twelve inches) at the cross-section, and lengths ranging from 2.5 metres (8.2 ft) for walls to 7 metres (23 ft) or more for joists and rafters.
As previously noted, less wood is needed to produce a given finished size than when standards called for the green lumber to be the full nominal dimension. However, even the dimensions for finished lumber of a given nominal size have changed over time. In 1910, a typical finished 1-inch (25 mm) board was 13 ⁄ 16 in (21 mm). In 1928, that was ...
Energy demand, indoor environmental quality (incl. thermal and visual comfort, indoor air quality and moisture phenomena), HVAC and renewable system performance, urban level modeling, building automation, and operational optimization are important aspects of BPS. [2] [3] [4] Over the last six decades, numerous BPS computer programs have been ...
The twin-peaked lumber bubble of 2021 and 2022 that once drove home building costs through the roof and exacerbated inflation is now nothing more than a memory.. Spot lumber prices have plummeted ...
The strands in PSL are clipped veneer elements having a least dimension of not more than 1 ⁄ 4 inch (6.4 mm) and an average length of at least 300 times this least dimension (around 6 ft or 1.8 m). [1] It is a member of the structural composite lumber (SCL) family of engineered wood products. [1]