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Quantitative fecal fat tests measure and report an amount of fat. This is usually done over a period of three days, the patient collecting all of their feces into a container. The container is thoroughly mixed to homogenize the feces, without using specific mixer equipment. A small sample from the feces is collected.
The fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is a diagnostic technique that examines stool samples for traces of non-visible blood, which could potentially indicate conditions including bowel cancer. [1] Symptoms which could be caused by bowel cancer and suggest a FIT include a change in bowel habit, anaemia , unexplained weight loss, and abdominal pain .
Steatorrhea should be suspected when the stools are bulky, floating and foul-smelling. [1] Specific tests are needed to confirm that these properties are in fact due to excessive levels of fat. Fats in feces can be measured over a defined time (often five days). [14]
Oily stool, a.k.a. steatorrhea. Steatorrhea refers to bulky, foul-smelling, oily stool that tends to be pale in color and float in the toilet bowl, resisting flushing.
An elevated steatocrit is indicative of fat malabsorption resulting in steatorrhea.This generally results from pancreatic exocrine insufficiency but can also occur with severe small bowel disease i.e. celiac disease, liver diseases such as Primary Biliary Cirrhosis or medications that inhibit fat absorption such as orlistat.
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A fecal pH test may be used to determine lactose intolerance or the presence of an infection. [13] Steatorrhea can be diagnosed using a fecal fat test, which checks for the malabsorption of fat. [14] Faecal elastase levels are becoming the mainstay of pancreatitis diagnosis.
M2-PK, as measured in feces, is a potential tumor marker for colorectal cancer.When measured in feces with a cutoff value of 4 U/ml, its sensitivity has been estimated to be 85% (with a 95% confidence interval of 65 to 96%) for colon cancer and 56% (confidence interval 41–74%) for rectal cancer. [1]