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Quamvis ad amplianda is a papal bull issued by Pope Alexander VI on 1 June 1500 calling for a crusade against the Ottoman Empire in response to Ottoman invasions of Venetian territories in Greece. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] After requests for funds and military support from the Imperial Diet of the Holy Roman Empire were rejected, a universal tithe was ...
In 1159, Alexander III was elected pope by a narrow majority of the conclave. An antipope, Victor IV, was immediately elected, supported by the emperor. Alexander III had to flee Italy and took refuge in France. Open conflict erupted when Frederick Barbarossa sought to impose the imperial tax on Italian cities, which they refused.
Pope Alexander II of Alexandria (Coptic: ⲁⲗⲉⲝⲁⲛⲇⲣⲟⲥ; died 14 February 729) was the 43rd Pope of Alexandria and Patriarch of the See of St. Mark. He presided over his church during an era of great hardship and oppression.
The 1261 papal election (26 May – 29 August) took place after the death of Pope Alexander IV on 25 May and chose Pope Urban IV as his successor. Since Pope Alexander had been resident in Viterbo since the first week of May 1261, the meeting of the cardinals to elect his successor took place in the Episcopal Palace at Viterbo, which was next ...
Download as PDF; Printable version; In other projects ... Pages in category "Documents of Pope Alexander III" The following 2 pages are in this category, out of 2 ...
Carole Hillenbrand (born 1943) is an Islamic scholar whose work The Crusades: Islamic Perspectives (1999) [136] discusses themes that highlight how Muslims reacted to the presence of the Crusaders in the heart of traditionally Islamic territory and is regarded as one of the most influential works on the First Crusade.
If you've received an attachment in your email you want to save, you can download the file right to your computer. Download all attachments in a single zip file, or download individual attachments. While this is often a seamless process, you should also be aware of how to troubleshoot common errors. Emails with attachments can be identified ...
Absolute Monarchs: A History of the Papacy is a 2011 book by the English popular historian John Julius Norwich published in the United States by Random House.It was published slightly earlier in the UK by Chatto & Windus under the title Popes: A History.