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  2. Grassmann number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grassmann_number

    In mathematical physics, a Grassmann number, named after Hermann Grassmann (also called an anticommuting number or supernumber), is an element of the exterior algebra of a complex vector space. [1] The special case of a 1-dimensional algebra is known as a dual number .

  3. Complex number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex_number

    A complex number can be visually represented as a pair of numbers (a, b) forming a vector on a diagram called an Argand diagram, representing the complex plane. Re is the real axis, Im is the imaginary axis, and i is the "imaginary unit", that satisfies i 2 = −1.

  4. Geometry of Complex Numbers - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometry_of_Complex_Numbers

    Geometry of Complex Numbers is an undergraduate textbook on geometry, whose topics include circles, the complex plane, inversive geometry, and non-Euclidean geometry. It was written by Hans Schwerdtfeger , and originally published in 1962 as Volume 13 of the Mathematical Expositions series of the University of Toronto Press .

  5. Number theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Number_theory

    Number fields are often studied as extensions of smaller number fields: a field L is said to be an extension of a field K if L contains K. (For example, the complex numbers C are an extension of the reals R, and the reals R are an extension of the rationals Q.) Classifying the possible extensions of a given number field is a difficult and ...

  6. CM-field - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CM-field

    The Galois group Gal(Q CM /Q) has a center generated by an element of order 2 (complex conjugation) and the quotient by its center is the group Gal(Q R /Q). If V is a complex abelian variety of dimension n, then any abelian algebra F of endomorphisms of V has rank at most 2n over Z. If it has rank 2n and V is simple then F is an order in a CM ...

  7. Gaussian integer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaussian_integer

    The Gaussian integers are the set [1] [] = {+,}, =In other words, a Gaussian integer is a complex number such that its real and imaginary parts are both integers.Since the Gaussian integers are closed under addition and multiplication, they form a commutative ring, which is a subring of the field of complex numbers.

  8. Analytic function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analytic_function

    For the complex numbers, the converse does hold, and in fact any function differentiable once on an open set is analytic on that set (see "analyticity and differentiability" below). For any open set Ω ⊆ C {\displaystyle \Omega \subseteq \mathbb {C} } , the set A (Ω) of all analytic functions u : Ω → C {\displaystyle u:\Omega \to \mathbb ...

  9. Bicomplex number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicomplex_number

    Bicomplex numbers form an algebra over C of dimension two, and since C is of dimension two over R, the bicomplex numbers are an algebra over R of dimension four. In fact the real algebra is older than the complex one; it was labelled tessarines in 1848 while the complex algebra was not introduced until 1892.

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