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In statistics, a concordant pair is a pair of observations, each on two variables, (X 1,Y 1) and (X 2,Y 2), having the property that = (), where "sgn" refers to whether a number is positive, zero, or negative (its sign).
Somers’ D takes values between when all pairs of the variables disagree and when all pairs of the variables agree. Somers’ D is named after Robert H. Somers, who proposed it in 1962. [1] Somers’ D plays a central role in rank statistics and is the parameter behind many nonparametric methods. [2]
A pair {(,), (,)} is said to be tied if and only if = or =; a tied pair is neither concordant nor discordant. When tied pairs arise in the data, the coefficient may be modified in a number of ways to keep it in the range [−1, 1]:
In statistics, Goodman and Kruskal's gamma is a measure of rank correlation, i.e., the similarity of the orderings of the data when ranked by each of the quantities.It measures the strength of association of the cross tabulated data when both variables are measured at the ordinal level.
Algebraic statistics; Algorithmic inference; Algorithms for calculating variance; All models are wrong; All-pairs testing; Allan variance; Alignments of random points; Almost surely; Alpha beta filter; Alternative hypothesis; Analyse-it – software; Analysis of categorical data; Analysis of covariance; Analysis of molecular variance; Analysis ...
The analysis is conducted on pairs, defined as a member of one group compared to a member of the other group. For example, the fastest runner in the study is a member of four pairs: (1,5), (1,7), (1,8), and (1,9). All four of these pairs support the hypothesis, because in each pair the runner from Group A is faster than the runner from Group B.
With <math>n=30<\math> points, there are a total of <math>\binom{30}{2} = 435<\math> possible point pairs. In this example there are 395 concordant point pairs and 40 discordant point pairs, leading to a Kendall rank correlation coefficient of 0.816.
The concordance correlation coefficient is nearly identical to some of the measures called intra-class correlations.Comparisons of the concordance correlation coefficient with an "ordinary" intraclass correlation on different data sets found only small differences between the two correlations, in one case on the third decimal. [2]