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The Oromo remained independent until the last decade of the 19th century, when they were colonised by Abyssinia. Under the rule of Haile Selassie, the Oromo language was banned and speakers were privately and publicly mocked to help the Amhara culture and language dominate the Oromo people. [31] [32] [33]
The Oromo Liberation Army is the military wing of the Oromo Liberation Front, which says it fights for the rights of Oromo people. [1] After the Tigray war broke out in November 2020 between the Ethiopian government under Abiy Ahmed and the Tigray People's Liberation Front, the OLA announced an alliance with the TPLF. [2]
In the North Shewa Zone of Oromia, where Amharas are a sizeable minority, conflict has been rife across the two sides between Oromo and Amhara fighting for regional dominance. [2] During the Tigray War , Fano developed as an Amhara militia aiding the Ethiopian government against the Tigray People's Liberation Front , and claiming historical ...
[and] ethnic militias that [were] committing crimes against humanity," by all parties to the conflict, including the federal government against Tigrayans, the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) against Amharas, and the Ethiopian National Defense Force against Oromos, included "genocidal violence" that risked amplifying into a threat to ...
In March 2021, the Oromo Liberation Army (OLA) militants began offensive targeted to ethnic Amhara occupied zone in Oromia, forcing Amharas to leave Oromia. As of June 2022, about 200 Amharas killed in Amhara-majority parts of Oromia. [2] The war began amidst negotiation between OLA and the federal government took place in Tanzania. [1]
After 25 years of leading this country, the Ethiopian government is facing opposition from all directions of the country. The two major ethnic groups—the Oromo and the Amhara—together represent approximately 61.4% of the country’s population, [13] and the Oromo started a resistance movement against the Tigray-dominated government that began in November 2015. [14]
The spread of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church has been an influence of anti-Amhara persecutions. [6] Many Oromo elites and revolutionaries see Amhara as a "colonizer" that subjugated and exploited Oromo people from their land. [7] Arsi Oromos accepted Islam in large demonstration of anti-Amhara sentiment and rejected associated values and norms. [8]
The Chairman of an Amhara group called Fano, Solomon Atanaw, said in March 2020 that Fano would not disarm without Metekel zone being part of Amhara Region. [22] At a public meeting with prime minister Abiy Ahmed on 22 December, Zebid Budna of Kamashi Zone attributed the violence to the Oromo Liberation Army .