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[3]: 1494 For instance, coral reefs support 1.5 million fishers in the Indian Ocean and 3.35 million in the Southeast Asia, yet they are highly vulnerable to even low-emission climate change. [3]: 1479 Southeast Asia may lose around 30% of its aquaculture area and 10-20% of production by 2050-2070.
According to one report, Thailand will likely be disproportionately affected by the consequences of climate change. [26] Extreme heat in Southeast Asia today reduces working hours by 15–20%, and that figure could double by 2050 as climate change progresses, according to a paper published in the Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health.
The Cardamom Mountains rain forests is a tropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion in Southeast Asia, as identified by the WWF.The ecoregion covers the Cardamom Mountains and Elephant Mountains and the adjacent coastal lowlands in eastern Thailand and southwestern Cambodia, as well as the Vietnamese island of Dao Phu Quoc.
[153] [154] According to Global Forest Watch, this was a 3.1% decrease in primary rain forest in that period. [155] In 2014, the Map of the Peruvia Amazon showed that more than 25% of the lost forest area was part of idigenous territories and protected natural areas. [156] During 2020, the Peruvian amazon lost more than 200 000 hectares. [157]
A National Policy on Climate Change was enacted in 2009, along with a National Renewable Energy Policy. [ 1 ] : 7 Around this time Malaysia pledged a 40% reduction in carbon intensity by 2020 compared to 2005, [ 1 ] : 1 and the Renewable Energy Act was adopted in 2011 alongside the Sustainable Energy Development Authority Act.
The threat to the health of reefs is particularly strong in Southeast Asia, where 80% of reefs are endangered. By the 2030s, 90% of reefs are expected to be at risk from both human activities and climate change; by 2050, it is predicted that all coral reefs will be in danger. [150] [151]
Whole ecosystem disruptions will occur earlier under more intense climate change: under the high-emissions RCP8.5 scenario, ecosystems in the tropical oceans would be the first to experience abrupt disruption before 2030, with tropical forests and polar environments following by 2050. In total, 15% of ecological assemblages would have over 20% ...