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Biblical languages are any of the languages employed in the original writings of the Bible.Some debate exists as to which language is the original language of a particular passage, and about whether a term has been properly translated from an ancient language into modern editions of the Bible.
The Old Testament (OT) is the first division of the Christian biblical canon, which is based primarily upon the 24 books of the Hebrew Bible, or Tanakh, a collection of ancient religious Hebrew and occasionally Aramaic writings by the Israelites. [1] The second division of Christian Bibles is the New Testament, written in Koine Greek.
The earliest written sources refer to Biblical Hebrew as שפת כנען "the language of Canaan". [4] [5] The Hebrew Bible also calls the language יהודית "Judaean, Judahite" [6] [5] In the Hellenistic period, Greek writings use the names Hebraios, Hebraïsti [7] and in Mishnaic Hebrew we find עברית 'Hebrew' and לשון עברית "Hebrew language".
Hebrew Bible [and] Old Testament" without prescribing the use of either. [16] "Hebrew" refers to the original language of the books, but it may also be taken as referring to the Jews of the Second Temple era and their descendants, who preserved the transmission of the Masoretic Text up to the present day. [17]
Ancient Hebrew writings are texts written in Biblical Hebrew using the Paleo-Hebrew alphabet before the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 CE.. The earliest known precursor to Hebrew, an inscription in the Paleo-Hebrew alphabet, is the Khirbet Qeiyafa Inscription (11th–10th century BCE), [1] if it can be considered Hebrew at that early a stage.
The Septuagint (/ ˈ s ɛ p tj u ə dʒ ɪ n t / SEP-tew-ə-jint), [1] sometimes referred to as the Greek Old Testament or The Translation of the Seventy (Koinē Greek: Ἡ μετάφρασις τῶν Ἑβδομήκοντα, romanized: Hē metáphrasis tôn Hebdomḗkonta), and often abbreviated as LXX, [2] is the earliest extant Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible from the original ...
While the Old Testament portion of the Bible was written in Hebrew and Aramaic, the New Testament was originally written in Koine Greek. The Greek language, however, has several different dialects or denominations. This required several different translations done by several different individuals and groups of people.
The Old Testament, written in Hebrew (with some sections in the Book of Daniel in the Aramaic language) was translated into Aramaic (the so-called Targums, originally not written down), Greek and Syriac. The New Testament, written in Greek, was first translated into Syriac, Latin and Coptic – all before the time of Emperor Constantine.
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