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A structured interview (also known as a standardized interview or a researcher-administered survey) is a quantitative research method commonly employed in survey research. The aim of this approach is to ensure that each interview is presented with exactly the same questions in the same order. This ensures that answers can be reliably aggregated ...
Interviews are considered to be "the most common method of gathering data for qualitative research"; further, they "are an integral part of most research traditions." [ 16 ] Interviews may be structured, semi-structured, or unstructured. [ 16 ]
Contextual inquiry (CI) is a user-centered design (UCD) research method, part of the contextual design methodology.A contextual inquiry interview is usually structured as an approximately two-hour, one-on-one interaction in which the researcher watches the user in the course of the user's normal activities and discusses those activities with the user.
These devices offer innovative ways to gather data, and eliminate the laborious "data entry" (of paper form data into a computer), which delays data analysis and understanding. By eliminating paper, mobile data collection can also dramatically reduce costs: one World Bank study in Guatemala found a 71% decrease in cost while using mobile data ...
Interviews can be structured whereby there is a predetermined set of questions or unstructured whereby no questions are decided in advance. The main strength of self-report methods are that they are allowing participants to describe their own experiences rather than inferring this from observing participants.
From there, Merton created an interviewing procedure to gain further insight into the subjective reactions of focus-group participants. [9] He later established focus groups for the Bureau of Applied Social Research. [11] The use of focus groups by sociologists gained popularity in the 1980s when Merton published a report on focused interviews. [4]
Since a semi-structured interview is a combination of an unstructured interview and a structured interview, it has the advantages of both. The interviewees can express their opinions and ask questions to the interviewers during the interview, which encourages them to give more useful information, such as their opinions toward sensitive issues, to the qualitative research.
An example of this dynamism might be when the qualitative researcher unexpectedly changes their research focus or design midway through a study, based on their first interim data analysis. The researcher can even make further unplanned changes based on another interim data analysis. Such an approach would not be permitted in an experiment.