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On 26 April 1937, the Basque town of Guernica (Gernika in Basque) was aerially bombed during the Spanish Civil War.It was carried out at the behest of Francisco Franco's rebel Nationalist faction by its allies, the Nazi German Luftwaffe's Condor Legion and the Fascist Italian Aviazione Legionaria, under the code name Operation Rügen.
Guernica is a large 1937 oil painting by Spanish artist Pablo Picasso. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is one of his best-known works, regarded by many art critics as the most moving and powerful anti-war painting in history. [ 3 ]
Ruins of Guernica. The "War in the North" began in mid-March, with the Biscay Campaign. The Basques suffered most from the lack of a suitable air force. [264] On 26 April, the Condor Legion bombed the town of Guernica, killing 200–300 and causing significant damage. The bombing of Guernica had a significant effect on international opinion ...
The bombing of a Basque town during the Spanish Civil War gave rise to art—and cultural resilience.
The Tree of Gernika is a personal account of the Basque campaign of the Spanish Civil War by London Times correspondent G. L. Steer.The book is known for its description of the 1937 bombing of Guernica.
Guernica (/ ɡ ɜːr ˈ n iː k ə, ˈ ɡ ɜːr n ɪ k ə /, [3] Spanish pronunciation: [ɡeɾˈnika]), officially Gernika (pronounced) in Basque, is a town in the province of Biscay, in the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country, Spain.
George Campbell Scott was born on a kitchen table October 18, 1927—the younger of two siblings—in the modest Wise, Virginia, home of his parents, George Dewey Scott (1902–1988) and Helena Agnes (née Slemp; 1904–1935). His mother was the first cousin, once removed, of Republican Congressman C. Bascom Slemp. [5]
The Third of May is cited as an influence on Pablo Picasso's 1937 Guernica, which shows the aftermath of the Nazi German bombing of Guernica during the Spanish Civil War. [64] [65] An exhibition in 2006 at the Prado and the Reina Sofía showed The Third of May, Guernica, and the Execution of the Emperor Maximilian in the same room. [66]