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Garlic (Allium sativum) is a species of bulbous flowering plant in the genus Allium. Its close relatives include the onion , shallot , leek , chive , [ 2 ] Welsh onion , and Chinese onion . [ 3 ]
Carl Linnaeus first described the genus Allium in 1753. The generic name Allium is the Latin word for garlic, [9] [10] and the type species for the genus is Allium sativum which means "cultivated garlic". [11] The decision to include a species in the genus Allium is taxonomically difficult, and species boundaries are unclear.
Examples of crops incorporating this word and its variations into their Latin name include: Allium sativum, garlic. Avena sativa, the common oat. Cannabis sativa, one of three forms of cannabis. [5] Castanea sativa, sweet chestnut. Coriandrum sativum, coriander, also known as cilantro, an annual herb. Crocus sativus, the saffron crocus.
Some of the species of Allium are important food plants for example onions (Allium cepa), chives (A. schoenoprasum), garlic (A. sativum and A. scordoprasum), and leeks (A. porrum). [39] Species of Allium, Gilliesia, Ipheion, Leucocoryne, Nothoscordum, and Tulbaghia are cultivated as ornamentals. [48]
Allium sarawschanicum Regel; Allium sativum L. – cultivated garlic; Allium savii Parl. Allium saxatile M.Bieb. Allium scaberrimum M.Serres; Allium scabriflorum Boiss. Allium scabriscapum Boiss. Allium schachimardanicum Vved. Allium schergianum Boiss. Allium schischkinii Sobolevsk. Allium schmitzii Cout. Allium schoenoprasoides Regel; Allium ...
The name Allium is ancient, and the plant was known to both the Romans and the Greeks. [51] The name is thought to be Celtic in origin, meaning "to burn", in reference to its taste and smell. [52] One of the earliest uses of the name in botany was by Joseph Pitton de Tournefort (1656–1708).
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Black garlic. Black garlic is a type of aged garlic that is colored deep brownish-black. The process is of East Asian origin. It is made by placing garlic (Allium sativum) in a warm, moist, controlled environment over the course of several weeks, a process that produces black cloves.