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  2. Dialect awareness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialect_awareness

    Dialect awareness is an instructional approach that teaches basic sociolinguistic concepts to students with the purpose of increasing awareness of language variation and improving language attitudes. An example of this approach is the Voices of North Carolina [ 1 ] (VoNC) curriculum developed by Jeffrey Reaser and Walt Wolfram .

  3. Age-graded variation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Age-graded_variation

    Children in Scotland and Northern England soon learn that the use of the glottal stop is considered inferior to the use of /t/ and are taught to correct themselves from an early age. [dubious – discuss] Variation between the glottal stop and /t/ is mostly seen within the middle class due to pressure from adults. This case study provides an ...

  4. Apparent-time hypothesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apparent-time_hypothesis

    The apparent-time hypothesis is a methodological construct in sociolinguistics whereby language change is studied by comparing the speech of individuals of different ages. If language change is taking place, the apparent-time hypothesis assumes that older generations will represent an earlier form of the language and that younger generations will represent a later form.

  5. Individual variation in second-language acquisition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Individual_variation_in...

    Individual variation in second-language acquisition is the study of why some people learn a second language better than others. Unlike children who acquire a language, adults learning a second language rarely reach the same level of competence as native speakers of that language. Some may stop studying a language before they have fully ...

  6. Variation (linguistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variation_(linguistics)

    Variation is a characteristic of language: there is more than one way of saying the same thing in a given language. Variation can exist in domains such as pronunciation (e.g., more than one way of pronouncing the same phoneme or the same word), lexicon (e.g., multiple words with the same meaning), grammar (e.g., different syntactic constructions expressing the same grammatical function), and ...

  7. Language change - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_change

    Language change is the process of alteration in the features of a single language, or of languages in general, across a period. It is studied in several subfields of linguistics : historical linguistics , sociolinguistics , and evolutionary linguistics .

  8. Language attitudes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_attitudes

    Language attitudes refer to an individual's evaluative reactions or opinions toward languages and the speakers of those languages. These attitudes can be positive, negative, or neutral, and they play a crucial role in shaping language use, communication patterns, and interactions within a society. [1]

  9. New Ways of Analyzing Variation Asia-Pacific - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Ways_of_Analyzing...

    NWAV Asia-Pacific focuses on research based on empirical data with an emphasis on quantitative analysis of variation and change across the Asia-Pacific region, including speech communities, multilingualism, urbanization and migration, sociophonetics, style-shifting, language contact, variation in minority languages, dialect variation and change ...