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The clavicle, collarbone, or keybone is a slender, S-shaped long bone approximately 6 inches (15 cm) long [1] that serves as a strut between the shoulder blade and the sternum (breastbone). There are two clavicles, one on each side of the body. The clavicle is the only long bone in the body that lies horizontally. [2]
Depending on locomotor style, a bone connects the shoulder girdle to the trunk in some animals; the coracoid bone in reptiles and birds, and the clavicle in primates and bats. In primates, the shoulder shows characteristics that differ from other mammals, including a well developed clavicle, a dorsally shifted scapula with prominent acromion ...
Cleidocranial dysostosis is a general skeletal condition [8] so named from the collarbone (cleido-) and cranium deformities which people with it often have. People with the condition usually present with a painless swelling in the area of the clavicles at 2 to 3 years of age. [ 9 ]
The shoulder girdle or pectoral girdle is the set of bones in the appendicular skeleton which connects to the arm on each side. In humans, it consists of the clavicle and scapula; in those species with three bones in the shoulder, it consists of the clavicle, scapula, and coracoid.
The joint is formed by the sternal end of the clavicle, the clavicular notch of the sternum, and (the superior surface of) the costal cartilage of the first rib. [1] The articular surface of the clavicle is larger than that of the sternum, and is invested with a layer of cartilage, which is considerably thicker than that of the sternum. [1]
The bone collar is a cuff of periosteal bone that forms around the diaphysis of the hyaline cartilage model in developing long bones. [1] The bone collar appears during endochondral bone development to support the growing bone and help it retain its shape.
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It depresses the lateral clavicle, acts to stabilize the clavicle while the shoulder moves the arm. It also raises the first rib while lowering the clavicle during breathing. The subclavius protects the underlying brachial plexus and subclavian vessels from a broken clavicle—the most frequently broken long bone.