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Tuberculosis (TB) vaccines are vaccinations intended for the prevention of tuberculosis. Immunotherapy as a defence against TB was first proposed in 1890 by Robert Koch . [ 1 ] As of 2021, the only effective tuberculosis vaccine in common use is the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, first used on humans in 1921.
The main advantage of using live vaccines based on rational attenuation of M. tuberculosis is their ability to keep the genetic repertoire encoding immunodominant antigens that are absent in BCG, [4] whereas chromosomal deletions in virulence genes provide assurance for safety and genetic stability. Such vaccines are expected to safely induce ...
MVA85A (modified vaccinia Ankara 85A) is a vaccine against tuberculosis developed by researchers led by Professor Helen McShane at Oxford University. [1] It is a viral vector vaccine and consists of an MVA virus engineered to express the 85A antigen once it infects a host cell. 85A is a cell-wall protein of the tuberculosis bacillus.
MVA85A was generally well tolerated and the vaccine had a safety profile comparable to other pediatric vaccines. The most frequent side effect observed was mild redness or swelling around the ...
The ACIP was established in March 1964 by the US Surgeon General to assist in the prevention and control of communicable diseases, [2] it recommends licensed new vaccines to be incorporated into the routine immunization schedule, recommends vaccine formulations, and reviews older vaccines to consider revising its recommendations.
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The Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD), funded by the Centers for Disease Control, is composed of databases from several organizations containing information regarding health outcomes for millions of US citizens and to enhance assessment of vaccine injuries. It was designed to allow for such things as comparisons between vaccinated and non ...