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  2. Two-factor theory of intelligence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-factor_theory_of...

    Spearman's two-factor theory proposes that intelligence has two components: general intelligence ("g") and specific ability ("s"). [7] To explain the differences in performance on different tasks, Spearman hypothesized that the "s" component was specific to a certain aspect of intelligence.

  3. g factor (psychometrics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G_factor_(psychometrics)

    The g factor [a] is a construct developed in psychometric investigations of cognitive abilities and human intelligence.It is a variable that summarizes positive correlations among different cognitive tasks, reflecting the assertion that an individual's performance on one type of cognitive task tends to be comparable to that person's performance on other kinds of cognitive tasks.

  4. Spearman's hypothesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spearman's_hypothesis

    Third, arguments based on Spearman's hypothesis have been criticized. Some have argued that culturally caused differences could produce a correlation between g-loadings and group differences. Flynn (2010) has criticized the basic assumption that confirmation of Spearman's hypothesis would support a partially genetic explanation for IQ differences.

  5. Charles Spearman - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Spearman

    Despite Spearman arguing that g was what emerged from a large battery of tests, i.e., that it was not measured perfectly by any single test, the fact that g-theory suggested that much of ability could be captured in a single factor, and his suggestion that "the eduction of relations and correlates" underlay this general factor led to the quest ...

  6. The g Factor: The Science of Mental Ability - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_g_Factor:_The_Science...

    The g Factor was reviewed favorably by Canadian psychologist J. Philippe Rushton, who called it "an awesome and monumental exposition of the case for the reality of g." [3] Robert Sternberg was more critical in his review, writing that "there is a great deal of evidence of various kinds that the general factor does not do what Jensen claims."

  7. Raven's Progressive Matrices - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raven's_Progressive_Matrices

    This format is designed to measure the test taker's reasoning ability, the eductive ("meaning-making") component of Spearman's g (g is often referred to as general intelligence). The tests were originally developed by John C. Raven in 1936. [3] In each test item, the subject is asked to identify the missing element that completes a pattern.

  8. Philip E. Vernon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_E._Vernon

    Vernon preferred factor analysis for research and applied this approach to intelligence. At the top of his hierarchical model was Spearman's g and then there were two major group factors; verbal-educational ability (v:ed) and practical-spatial-mechanical abilities (k:m) which could always be

  9. Three-stratum theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-stratum_theory

    The three-stratum theory is a theory of cognitive ability proposed by the American psychologist John Carroll in 1993. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is based on a factor-analytic study of the correlation of individual-difference variables from data such as psychological tests, school marks and competence ratings from more than 460 datasets.