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Social inequality usually implies the lack of equality of outcome, but may alternatively be conceptualized as a lack of equality in access to opportunity. [1] Social inequality is linked to economic inequality, usually described as the basis of the unequal distribution of income or wealth.
Cumulative inequality theory or cumulative disadvantage theory is the systematic explanation of how inequalities develop. The theory was initially developed by Merton in 1988, [ 1 ] who studied the sciences and prestige.
Social equality is a state of affairs in which all individuals within society have equal rights, liberties, and status, possibly including civil rights, freedom of expression, autonomy, and equal access to certain public goods and social services.
The sociology of science involves the study of science as a social activity, especially dealing "with the social conditions and effects of science, and with the social structures and processes of scientific activity." [149] Important theorists in the sociology of science include Robert K. Merton and Bruno Latour.
In social science, racial inequality is typically defined as "imbalances in the distribution of power, economic resources, and opportunities." [ 1 ] Racial inequalities have manifested in American society in ways ranging from racial disparities in wealth, poverty rates, bankruptcy, housing patterns, educational opportunities, unemployment rates ...
Economic inequality describes the uneven distribution of wealth, income, resources and opportunity to different groups of people in a society -- something America knows plenty about. The last...
Social equity is concerned with justice and fairness of social policy based on the principle of substantive equality. [1] Since the 1960s, the concept of social equity has been used in a variety of institutional contexts, including education and public administration .
In social sciences, participation inequality consists of difference between levels of participation of various groups in certain activities. Common examples include: Common examples include: differing levels of participation in democratic, electoral politics, by social class, race, gender, etc.