Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
The "Old Order" (1950–1965) in Indonesia has long been understood to be a period of turmoil and crisis, characterized by rebellions and political unrest. The weakness of Indonesia's democracy and its gradual transition to authoritarianism during the Old Order can be attributed to conventional modernization theory, which suggests that without strong socioeconomic structures, successful ...
The end of New Order results in phobia on Pancasila, but Indonesia still maintains a consensus by declaring Pancasila as the nation's ideology. [27] [31] Despite such adjustment of Pancasila practice and implementation to the regime, Pancasila is the basis of Indonesia country and the nation's view of life. [27]
An election rally for the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle, 1999. The Indonesian political party system is regulated by Act No. 2 of 2008 on Political Parties. [3] The law defines political party as "a national organisation founded by like-minded Indonesian citizens with common goals to fulfill common interests and to defend the unity of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia as ...
Marhaenism (Indonesian: Marhaenisme) is a socialistic political ideology originated and developed by the first President of Indonesia, Sukarno. [1] It was developed from the ideas of Marxism applied according to the nature and culture of Indonesia, or simply described as "Marxism adapted to Indonesian conditions".
Excessive freedom brought by reformasi, together with abolition of Pancasila studies in post-New Order education system also enabled other foreign ideologies to be imported to Indonesia without filter, resulted in much mixture and loss uniformity in Pancasila teaching and enabled to various interpretation of Pancasila to be exist, further ...
The Indonesian Democratic Party (Indonesian: Partai Demokrasi Indonesia, abbr. PDI) was a political party in Indonesia which existed from 1973 to 2003. During the New Order era, the PDI was one of the two state-approved parties, the other being the Islam-based United Development Party (PPP).
The Indonesian National Party (Indonesian: Partai Nasional Indonesia, abbr. PNI) was the name used by several nationalist political parties in Indonesia from 1927 until 1973. The first PNI was established by future President Sukarno. After independence, the new PNI supplied a number of prime ministers, and participated in the majority of ...
As Indonesia is multiethnic, Indonesian nationalism does not consist of advocacy for a single ethnic group. Indonesian nationalism takes diverse forms [ 4 ] and has at times manifested as civic nationalism , religious nationalism , [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] and left-wing nationalism .