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In the more familiar seed plants, the haploid generation is represented only by the tiny pollen and the ovule, while the diploid generation is the familiar tree or other plant. [15] Another unusual feature of the liverwort life cycle is that sporophytes (i.e. the diploid body) are very short-lived, withering away not long after releasing spores ...
Marchantia polymorpha is a species of large thalloid liverwort in the class Marchantiopsida. [1] M. polymorpha is highly variable in appearance and contains several subspecies. [2] This species is dioicous, having separate male and female plants. [2] M. polymorpha has a wide distribution and is found worldwide. [3]
The life cycles of liverworts involves alternating haploid gametophyte and diploid sporophyte generations. The gametophyte generation is more dominant, while the sporophyte generation is relatively short-lived. The gametophyte produces haploid gametes, egg and sperm, which fuse to form a diploid zygote.
In liverworts such as Marchantia, the flattened plant body or thallus is a haploid gametophyte with gemma cups scattered about its upper surface. The gemma cups are cup-like structures containing gemmae. The gemmae are small discs of haploid tissue, and they directly give rise to new gametophytes. They are dispersed from gemma cups by rainfall.
Some liverworts, such as Marchantia, have a cuticle, and the sporophytes of mosses have both cuticles and stomata, which were important in the evolution of land plants. [ 3 ] All land plants have a life cycle with an alternation of generations between a diploid sporophyte and a haploid gametophyte , but in all non-vascular land plants, the ...
Here, the diagram of a liverwort antheridium is shown. An antheridium is a haploid structure or organ producing and containing male gametes (called antherozoids or sperm). The plural form is antheridia, and a structure containing one or more antheridia is called an androecium. [1] Androecium is also the collective term for the stamens of ...
The main plant body is haploid. As in other liverworts, the main plant body or thallus is a haploid gametophyte. The antheridia of L. cruciata develops in early spring, the archegonia develops in spring and sporophytes develop in late summer. [7] However, records of sporophyte developments and sexual reproduction are rare and scattered.
Like most liverworts, it reproduces both sexually, through separate male and female plants that produce umbrella-like reproductive structures, and through regeneration from fragments. The species prefers slightly drier habitats than its relatives and shows significant genetic variation across its range, suggesting it may comprise several ...