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A transmission gate (TG) is an analog gate similar to a relay that can conduct in both directions or block by a control signal with almost any voltage potential. [1] It is a CMOS-based switch, in which PMOS passes a strong 1 but poor 0, and NMOS passes strong 0 but poor 1.
LTspice is a SPICE-based analog electronic circuit simulator computer software, produced by semiconductor manufacturer Analog Devices (originally by Linear Technology). [2] It is the most widely distributed and used SPICE software in the industry. [ 6 ]
Every CPL gate has two output wires, both the positive signal and the complementary signal, eliminating the need for inverters. [ 9 ] [ 10 ] [ 11 ] Complementary pass transistor logic or "Differential pass transistor logic" refers to a logic family which is designed for certain advantage.
List of free analog and digital electronic circuit simulators, available for Windows, macOS, Linux, and comparing against UC Berkeley SPICE.The following table is split into two groups based on whether it has a graphical visual interface or not.
With transmission lines and real world inductor and capacitor models, for example, Y11 != -Y12, and for some more complex passive asymmetric elements Y11 != Y22. For many active linear devices, such as operational amplifiers , Y12 != Y21.
In 1988, an IBM research team led by Iranian engineer Bijan Davari fabricated a 180 nm dual-gate MOSFET using a CMOS process. [5] The 180 nm CMOS process was later commercialized by TSMC in 1998, [ 1 ] and then Fujitsu in 1999.
A voltage source's output resistance and the subsequent gate's pull-up/down resistor form a voltage divider that weakens voltage levels. This decreases high voltages in OR gates and increases low voltages in AND gates. Thus the feasible amount of cascading is limited by the value of V F and the high-low voltage difference. With special designs ...
An AOI21 logic gate in CMOS using a complex gate (left) and standard gates (right) AND-OR-invert (AOI) and OAI gates can be readily implemented in CMOS circuitry. AOI gates are particularly advantaged in that the total number of transistors (or gates) is less than if the AND, NOT, and OR functions were implemented separately.