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A graph with 6 vertices and 7 edges where the vertex number 6 on the far-left is a leaf vertex or a pendant vertex. In discrete mathematics, and more specifically in graph theory, a vertex (plural vertices) or node is the fundamental unit of which graphs are formed: an undirected graph consists of a set of vertices and a set of edges (unordered pairs of vertices), while a directed graph ...
Given a graph G and given a set L(v) of colors for each vertex v (called a list), a list coloring is a choice function that maps every vertex v to a color in the list L(v). As with graph coloring, a list coloring is generally assumed to be proper , meaning no two adjacent vertices receive the same color.
In the theory of abstract polytopes, the vertex figure at a given vertex V comprises all the elements which are incident on the vertex; edges, faces, etc. More formally it is the (n−1)-section F n /V, where F n is the greatest face. This set of elements is elsewhere known as a vertex star.
Graphs are usually represented visually by drawing a point or circle for every vertex, and drawing a line between two vertices if they are connected by an edge. If the graph is directed, the direction is indicated by drawing an arrow. If the graph is weighted, the weight is added on the arrow.
The relations can be made apparent by examining the vertex figures obtained by listing the faces adjacent to each vertex (remember that for uniform polyhedra all vertices are the same, that is vertex-transitive). For example, the cube has vertex figure 4.4.4, which is to say, three adjacent square faces. The possible faces are 3 - equilateral ...
A vertex configuration is given as a sequence of numbers representing the number of sides of the faces going around the vertex. The notation "a.b.c" describes a vertex that has 3 faces around it, faces with a, b, and c sides. For example, "3.5.3.5" indicates a vertex belonging to 4 faces, alternating triangles and pentagons.
A vertex of an angle is the endpoint where two lines or rays come together. In geometry, a vertex (pl.: vertices or vertexes) is a point where two or more curves, lines, or edges meet or intersect. As a consequence of this definition, the point where two lines meet to form an angle and the corners of polygons and polyhedra are vertices. [1] [2] [3]
A one-vertex cut is called an articulation point or cut vertex. vertex set The set of vertices of a given graph G, sometimes denoted by V(G). vertices See vertex. Vizing 1. Vadim G. Vizing 2. Vizing's theorem that the chromatic index is at most one more than the maximum degree. 3.