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This is a timeline of Scottish history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Scotland and its predecessor states. See also Timeline of prehistoric Scotland . To read about the background to many of these events, see History of Scotland .
Scottish society in the Middle Ages is the social organisation of what is now Scotland between the departure of the Romans from Britain in the fifth century and the establishment of the Renaissance in the early sixteenth century. Social structure is obscure in the early part of the period, for which there are few documentary sources.
Modern Scotland is half the size of England and Wales in area, but with its many inlets, islands and inland lochs, it has roughly the same amount of coastline at 4,000 miles. Only a fifth of Scotland is less than 60 metres above sea level. Its east Atlantic position means that it experiences heavy rainfall, especially in the west.
of Scotland c. 1045 –1093: Malcolm III Canmore c. 1031 –1093 r. 1058–1093: Ingibiorg Finnsdottir: Máel Muire Earl of Atholl: Donald III Bane c. 1039 –1099 r. 1093–1094, r. 1094–1097: Edith Matilda: Henry I King of England c. 1068 –1135: William II King of England c. 1056 –1100: Edmund of Scotland: Adela of Normandy m. Stephen ...
Scottish society adopted theories of the three estates to describe its society and English terminology to differentiate ranks. [115] Serfdom disappeared from the records in the fourteenth century [116] and new social groups of labourers, craftsmen and merchants, became important in the developing burghs. This led to increasing social tensions ...
Scottish politics in the late 18th century was dominated by the Whigs, with the benign management of Archibald Campbell, 3rd Duke of Argyll (1682–1761), who was in effect the "viceroy of Scotland" from the 1720s until his death in 1761. Scotland generally supported the king with enthusiasm during the American Revolution.
Scottish armies of the late medieval era depended on a combination of familial, communal and feudal forms of service. "Scottish service" (servitum Scoticanum), also known as "common service" (communis exertcitus), a levy of all able-bodied freemen aged between 16 and 60, provided the bulk of armed forces, with (according to decrees) 8 days ...
Scotland in the High Middle Ages is a relatively well-studied topic and Scottish medievalists have produced a wide variety of publications. Some, such as David Dumville, Thomas Owen Clancy and Dauvit Broun, are primarily interested in the native cultures of the country, and often have linguistic training in the Celtic languages.