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A fluidized bed reactor (FBR) is a type of reactor device that can be used to carry out a variety of multiphase chemical reactions. In this type of reactor, a fluid (gas or liquid) is passed through a solid granular material (usually a catalyst) at high enough speeds to suspend the solid and cause it to behave as though it were a fluid.
Oldest power station utilizing circular fluidized bed technology, in Lünen, Germany. A fluidized bed is a physical phenomenon that occurs when a solid particulate substance (usually present in a holding vessel) is under the right conditions so that it behaves like a fluid. The usual way to achieve a fluidized bed is to pump pressurized fluid ...
Ebullated bed reactors are a type of fluidized bed reactor that utilizes ebullition, or bubbling, to achieve appropriate distribution of reactants and catalysts.The ebullated-bed technology utilizes a three-phase reactor (liquid, vapor, and catalyst), and is most applicable for exothermic reactions and for feedstocks which are difficult to process in fixed-bed or plug flow reactors due to high ...
In designing a circulating fluidized bed, with constant temperature distribution for either endothermic or exothermic reactions, in order to determine the appropriate design for cooling or heating of the circulating fluidized bed reactors, a good approximation of heat transfer rates are necessary for better control so that the reactor can ...
The fluidized catalyst particles are shuttled between the fluidized bed reactor and a fluidized bed burner where the coke deposits are burned off, generating heat for the endothermic cracking reaction. By the 1950s, fluidized bed technology was being applied to mineral and metallurgical processes such as drying, calcining, and sulfide roasting.
The reduced metal is then transferred to the second bed (air reactor) and re-oxidized before being reintroduced back to the fuel reactor completing the loop. Fig 1 shows a simplified diagram of the CLC process. Fig 2 shows an example of a dual fluidized bed circulating reactor system and a moving bed-fluidized bed circulating reactor system.
Hanford’s B Reactor, the world’s first full-scale production reactor, is shown from the air in 1944. B Reactor also produced plutonium for the atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki, Japan, Aug. 9 ...
An annular fluidized bed (AFB) can have a wide range of applications due to its ability to be used in conjunction with other fluidized bed type. [2] The AFB is ideal for applications that require a fast and efficient heat and mass transfer with intense mixing. These applications can range from dryers, heat exchangers, heaters, coolers and reactors.