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Side-effects of treatment can include scarring, skin changes, heart damage from radiation and lymphoedema, a painful swelling of the arm, according to Dr Tim Rattay, a consultant breast surgeon ...
Secondary lymphedema affects both men and women, and, in Western countries, is most commonly due to cancer treatment. [14] In women, it is most prevalent in an upper limb after breast cancer surgery, especially axillary lymph node dissection, [15] and occurs on the same side of the body as the
Studies show mixed results regarding the efficacy of the method in treating lymphedema, and further studies are needed. [3] A 2013 systematic review of manual lymphatic drainage with regard to breast cancer –related lymphedema found no clear support for the effectiveness of the intervention in either preventing limb edema in at-risk women or ...
Staging breast cancer is the initial step to help physicians determine the most appropriate course of treatment. As of 2016, guidelines incorporated biologic factors, such as tumor grade, cellular proliferation rate, estrogen and progesterone receptor expression, human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) expression, and gene expression profiling into the staging system.
LLLT has been studied as a way to reduce pain and swelling in breast-cancer related lymphedema. [ 78 ] [ 21 ] The 2015 systematic review & meta-analysis by Smoot, Chiavola-Larson, et al found: “Moderate-strength evidence supports LLLT in the management of [breast cancer related lymphoedema], with […] reductions in volume and pain ...
Because of this change in clinical practice lymphedema is now a rarity following breast cancer treatment—and post-mastectomy lymphangiosarcoma is now vanishingly rare. When it occurs following mastectomy it is known as Stewart–Treves syndrome. The pathogenesis of lymphangiosarcoma has not been resolved, however several vague mechanisms have ...
The technique of sentinel node radiolocalization was co-founded by James C. Alex, MD, FACS and David N. Krag MD (University of Vermont Medical Center) and they were the first ones to pioneer this method for the use of cutaneous melanoma, breast cancer, head and neck cancer and Merkel cell carcinoma. Confirmative trials followed soon after. [25]
Secondary lymphedema is a condition characterized by swelling of the soft tissues in which an excessive amount of lymph has accumulated, and is caused by certain malignant diseases such as Hodgkin's disease and Kaposi sarcoma. [1]: 849
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