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Savoy (/ s ə ˈ v ɔɪ /; [2] French: Savoie ⓘ) [n 1] is a cultural-historical region in the Western Alps.Situated on the cultural boundary between Occitania and Piedmont, the area extends from Lake Geneva in the north to the Dauphiné in the south and west and to the Aosta Valley in the east.
The House of Savoy has held two dynastic orders since 1362, [91] which were brought into the Kingdom of Italy as national orders. Although the kingdom ceased to exist in 1946, King Umberto II did not abdicate his role as fons honorum over the two dynastic orders over which the family has long held sovereignty and grand mastership.
Savoy, Piedmont, and Nice were restored to the House of Savoy at the Congress of Vienna in 1814–1815. Under the 1847 Perfect Fusion the duchy was merged with the other parts of the Savoyard state into the unitary Kingdom of Sardinia. Savoy itself would be given to France under the terms of the Treaty of Turin (1860).
Through its junior branch, the House of Savoy-Carignano, it led the unification of Italy in 1861 and ruled the Kingdom of Italy from 1861 until the end of World War II. At this time, King Victor Emanuel III abdicated in favour of his son Umberto II but after an institutional referendum in 1946 , the monarchy was abolished, a republic was ...
The House of Savoy later went on to rule the Kingdom of Italy from 1861 to 1946 when the monarchy was abolished. Victor Amadeus II was the longest reigning monarch of Savoy, followed by Charles Emmanuel I , and Charles III or Amadeus VIII .
Chambériens brandishing French flags at the foot of the Château des Ducs [] when Savoie became part of France in 1860.. The term annexation of Savoy to France is used to describe the union of all of Savoy—including the future departments of Savoy and Haute-Savoie, which corresponded to the eponymous duchy—and the County of Nice, which was then an integral part of the Kingdom of Sardinia ...
During the Second World War, Savoy was part of the Italian occupation zone, making cohabitation with the Italian population a stormy affair. Benito Mussolini called for Savoy and Nice to be attached to Italy, but this was not to be. New immigrants settled in the 1950s and 1960s, before the arrival of North Africans in the 1950s to work on large ...
Chambéry declined after Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy moved his capital to Turin in 1563. [6] France annexed the regions that formerly constituted the Duchy of Savoy west of the Alps in 1792; however, the former duchy and Chambéry were returned to the rulers of the House of Savoy in Turin in 1815 following the defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte.