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FCCS is an extension of the fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) method that uses two fluorescent molecules instead of one that emits different colours. The technique measures coincident green and red intensity fluctuations of distinct molecules that correlate if green and red labelled particles move together through a predefined confocal volume. [2]
Dual color fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy (FCCS) measures interactions by cross-correlating two or more fluorescent channels (one channel for each reactant), which distinguishes interactions more sensitively than FCS, particularly when the mass change in the reaction is small.
In molecular spectroscopy, a Jablonski diagram is a diagram that illustrates the electronic states and often the vibrational levels of a molecule, and also the transitions between them. The states are arranged vertically by energy and grouped horizontally by spin multiplicity . [ 1 ]
Fluorescence spectroscopy (also known as fluorimetry or spectrofluorometry) is a type of electromagnetic spectroscopy that analyzes fluorescence from a sample. It involves using a beam of light, usually ultraviolet light , that excites the electrons in molecules of certain compounds and causes them to emit light; typically, but not necessarily ...
The fluid travels in a parabolic pattern with the velocity of the flow, increasing with the distance from the walls up towards the centre of the channel. Separation takes place close to the accumulation (bottom) wall of the channel. Field-flow fractionation, abbreviated FFF, [1] is a separation technique invented by J. Calvin Giddings.
Electroosmotic flow is caused by the Coulomb force induced by an electric field on net mobile electric charge in a solution. Because the chemical equilibrium between a solid surface and an electrolyte solution typically leads to the interface acquiring a net fixed electrical charge, a layer of mobile ions, known as an electrical double layer or Debye layer, forms in the region near the interface.
Flow injection analysis (FIA) was first described by Ruzicka and Hansen in Denmark in 1974 and Stewart and coworkers in United States in 1979. FIA is a popular, simple, rapid, and versatile technique which is a well-established position in modern analytical chemistry, and widespread application in quantitative chemical analysis.
MODFLOW-OWHM [11] (version 1.00.12, October 1, 2016), The One-Water Hydrologic Flow Model (MODFLOW-OWHM, MF-OWHM or One-Water [12]), developed cooperatively between the USGS and the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, is a fusion of multiple versions of MODFLOW-2005 (NWT, LGR, FMP, SWR, SWI) into ONE version, contains upgrades and new features and ...