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Omnidirectional radiation patterns are produced by the simplest practical antennas, monopole and dipole antennas, consisting of one or two straight rod conductors on a common axis. Antenna gain (G) is defined as antenna efficiency (e) multiplied by antenna directivity (D) which is expressed mathematically as: =.
The category of simple antennas consists of dipoles, monopoles, and loop antennas. Nearly all can be made with a single segment of wire (ignoring the break made in the wire for the feedline connection). [citation needed] Dipoles and monopoles called linear antennas (or straight wire antennas) since their radiating parts lie along a single ...
Each antenna is alternately connected to a transmitter having a particular source impedance, and a receiver having the same input impedance (the impedance may differ between the two antennas). It is assumed that the two antennas are sufficiently far apart that the properties of the transmitting antenna are not affected by the load placed upon ...
Patch antenna gain pattern. A directional antenna or beam antenna is an antenna which radiates or receives greater radio wave power in specific directions. Directional antennas can radiate radio waves in beams, when greater concentration of radiation in a certain direction is desired, or in receiving antennas receive radio waves from one specific direction only.
Transitions between modes and/or antenna connections are signaled by a change in the perceived quality of the link. In situations of low fading, the receiver can employ no diversity and use the signal presented by a single antenna. As conditions degrade, the receiver can then assume the more highly reliable but power-hungry modes described above.
Due to their omnidirectional radiation pattern, vertical monopole antennas are commonly used in terrestrial radio communication systems in which the direction to the transmitter or receiver is unknown or constantly changing, [7] such as broadcasting, mobile two-way radios, and wireless devices like cellphones and Wi-fi networks, [8] [4] because they radiate equal radio power in all horizontal ...
Whip antenna on portable FM radio receiver Whip antenna on car. A whip antenna is an antenna consisting of a straight flexible wire or rod. The bottom end of the whip is connected to the radio receiver or transmitter. A whip antenna is a form of monopole antenna. The antenna is designed to be flexible so that it does not break easily, and the ...
For most antennas the boresight is the axis of symmetry of the antenna. For example, for axial-fed dish antennas, the antenna boresight is the axis of symmetry of the parabolic dish, and the antenna radiation pattern (the main lobe) is symmetrical about the boresight axis. Most antennas boresight axis is fixed by their shape and cannot be changed.
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